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Shloka 24

Udyoga Parva, Adhyaya 31 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Instructions to Sañjaya

Peace Appeal and Five-Village Proposal

एतान्‌ गुणान्‌ कर्मकृतानवेक्ष्य भावाभावी वर्तमानावनित्यौ । बलिह्ि राजा पारमविन्दमानो नान्यत्‌ कालात्‌ कारणं तत्र मेने,ये शौर्य, विद्या आदि गुण अपने पूर्वकर्मके अनुसार ही प्राप्त होते हैं और प्राणियोंकी वर्तमान उन्नति तथा अवनति भी अनित्य हैं। यह सब सोचकर राजा बलिने जब इसका पार नहीं पाया, तब यही निश्चय किया कि इस विषयमें काल (दैव)-के सिवा और कोई कारण नहीं है

etān guṇān karmakṛtān avekṣya bhāvābhāvī vartamānāv anityau | balir hi rājā pāram avindamāno nānyat kālāt kāraṇaṃ tatra mene ||

サンジャヤは言った。「これらの資質は各々の過去の行い(業)により得られ、また衆生の現世における栄達と没落はいずれも無常である—そう省みて、バリ王はこの難問の『彼岸』を見いだせず、ついにこの事においては時(カーラ、すなわち宿命)以外に原因はないと結論した。」

एतान्these
एतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गुणान्qualities
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कर्मकृतान्produced by action (karma-made)
कर्मकृतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्मकृत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अवेक्ष्यhaving considered/observed
अवेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअव + ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
भावprosperity/existence (rise)
भाव:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभावीand decline/non-existence (the pair: rise and fall)
अभावी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
वर्तमानौpresent (existing now)
वर्तमानौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अनित्यौimpermanent
अनित्यौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनित्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
बलिःBali
बलिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबलि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पारम्the far shore/end (a limit/solution)
पारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अविन्दमानःnot finding
अविन्दमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअ + विद्
FormPresent participle (Parasmaipada), Singular, Masculine, Nominative
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यत्anything else
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कालात्than time/fate
कालात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
कारणम्cause
कारणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तत्रthere/in that matter
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
मेनेhe thought/considered
मेने:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Atmanepada

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya (saṃjaya)
K
King Bali (bali)

Educational Q&A

Qualities and capacities are seen as arising from past karma, while present success and failure are unstable; when causality seems unfathomable, Bali adopts the view that Time (kāla/daiva) is the decisive cause.

Sanjaya reports a reflective conclusion attributed to King Bali: after contemplating the karmic origin of virtues and the fleeting nature of worldly rise and fall, Bali cannot reach a definitive explanation and therefore attributes outcomes primarily to Time/fate.