Shloka 3

चोदयामास भार्यार्थ कन्याया: पुत्रवत्‌ तदा । ततस्तां पार्षतो दृष्टवा कन्यां सम्प्राप्तयौवनाम्‌ । स्त्रियं मत्वा तततद्रिन्तां प्रपेदे सह भार्यया,राजेन्द्र! धनुर्विद्याके लिये शिखण्डी द्रोणाचार्यका शिष्य हुआ। महाराज! शिखण्डीकी सुन्दरी माताने राजा द्रुपदको प्रेरित किया कि वे उसके पुत्रके लिये बहू ला दें। वह अपनी कन्याका पुत्रके समान ब्याह करना चाहती थी। ट्रुपदने देखा, मेरी बेटी जवान हो गयी तो भी अबतक स्त्री ही बनी हुई है (वरदानके अनुसार पुरुष नहीं हो सकी), इससे पत्नीसहित उनके मनमें बड़ी चिन्ता हुई

codayāmāsa bhāryārthaṁ kanyāyāḥ putravat tadā | tatas tāṁ pārṣato dṛṣṭvā kanyāṁ samprāptayauvanām | striyaṁ matvā tat-tad-cintāṁ prapede saha bhāryayā rājendra |

ビーシュマは言った。やがて王妃は王に促し、その娘をまるで息子であるかのように扱って、わが子のために妻を迎えよと求めた。その後、ドルパダが、その乙女がすでに青春に達しながらなお女の身のままであるのを見たとき、王は妃とともに、深く、そして幾度も繰り返す憂慮に沈んだ。ああ、諸王のうち最勝の御方よ。

चोदयामासurged, prompted
चोदयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचुद् (प्रेरणे)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), 3, sg
भार्यार्थम्for a wife (as purpose)
भार्यार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभार्य + अर्थ
Formm, acc, sg
कन्यायाःof the maiden/daughter
कन्यायाः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
Formf, gen, sg
पुत्रवत्like a son
पुत्रवत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुत्रवत्
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
ततःthereupon, then
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
ताम्her
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formf, acc, sg
पार्षतःthe son of Pārṣata/Drupada (i.e., Drupada)
पार्षतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत (द्रुपद-पुत्र/द्रुपद-सम्बन्धी)
Formm, nom, sg
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)
कन्याम्the maiden/daughter
कन्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
Formf, acc, sg
सम्प्राप्तयौवनाम्who had attained youth
सम्प्राप्तयौवनाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्प्राप्त + यौवन
Formf, acc, sg
स्त्रियम्a woman
स्त्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
Formf, acc, sg
मत्वाhaving considered/thought
मत्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (ज्ञाने/मनने)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund)
तततद्this and that; various matters
तततद्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतत्-तत्
Formn, acc, sg (collective sense)
चिन्ताम्anxiety, worry
चिन्ताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचिन्ता
Formf, acc, sg
प्रपेदेfell into, came to (a state)
प्रपेदे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + पद्
Formलिट् (आत्मनेपद), 3, sg
सहtogether with
सह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
भार्ययाwith (his) wife
भार्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
Formf, inst, sg

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
Drupada (Pārṣata)
D
Drupada's wife (queen)
T
the maiden/daughter (Śikhaṇḍinī/Śikhaṇḍī context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical pressure created when social norms (marriage arrangements and expectations of male heirs) collide with lived reality. It shows how attachment to reputation and dynastic continuity can generate fear and confusion, urging leaders to act—sometimes rashly—rather than respond with clarity and compassion.

Drupada’s wife urges him to arrange a marriage for their child as if the daughter were a son. Drupada then sees that the girl has reached puberty but is still a woman, and he and his wife become deeply worried—setting up the later developments connected with Śikhaṇḍī’s identity and role in the war.