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Shloka 10

Bhīṣma’s Dream-Counsel and the Prasvāpa Astra (भीष्मस्वप्नदर्शनम् / प्रस्वापास्त्रोपदेशः)

पितर ऊचु. मा स्मैवं साहसं तात पुनः कार्षी: कथंचन । भीष्मेण संयुगं गन्तुं क्षत्रियेण विशेषत:,पितरोंने कहा--तात! फिर कभी किसी प्रकार भी ऐसा साहस न करना। भीष्म और विशेषत: क्षत्रियके साथ युद्धभूमिमें उतरना अब तुम्हारे लिये उचित नहीं है

pitar ūcuḥ—mā smaivaṃ sāhasaṃ tāta punaḥ kārṣīḥ kathaṃcana | bhīṣmeṇa saṃyugaṃ gantuṃ kṣatriyeṇa viśeṣataḥ ||

祖霊たちは言った。「わが子よ、いかなる形であれ、二度とそのような無謀をなしてはならぬ。ビーシュマと戦場で相まみえること—とりわけ彼ほどの刹帝利を相手にすること—は、おまえにふさわしくない。」

पितरःthe forefathers
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
स्मindeed (prohibitive particle with मा)
स्म:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
साहसम्rash act, audacity
साहसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसाहस
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तातdear son
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
कार्षीःyou should do / do (in prohibition: do not do)
कार्षीः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAorist (injunctive/prohibitive with मा), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथंचनin any way, at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
भीष्मेणwith Bhishma
भीष्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
संयुगम्battle, combat
संयुगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गन्तुम्to go
गन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormTumun (infinitive)
क्षत्रियेणwith a kshatriya (warrior)
क्षत्रियेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विशेषतःespecially
विशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतः

भीष्म उवाच

पितरः (the forefathers)
भीष्म (Bhīṣma)
क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya, warrior class)

Educational Q&A

Ancestral authority warns against reckless heroics: ethical action in war requires discernment of one’s capacity and the opponent’s stature; bravado that ignores prudence is condemned.

The forefathers address a younger figure and forbid him from repeating a previous act of rashness—specifically, from entering combat against Bhīṣma, emphasizing the exceptional danger and impropriety of challenging such a formidable kṣatriya.