Shloka 15

Devanagari script

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य सैन्येषु सर्वेषु मधुसूदन । पराभवस्य तल्लिड्भरमिति प्राहुर्मनीषिण:,“मधुसूदन! दुर्योधनकी समस्त सेनाओंमें ये बातें पायी जाती हैं। मनीषी पुरुष इन्हें पराजयका लक्षण कहते हैं

Transliteration

dhārtarāṣṭrasya sainyeṣu sarveṣu madhusūdana | parābhavasya talliṅga-bharam iti prāhur manīṣiṇaḥ ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「おおマドゥスーダナよ、ドリタラーシュトラの全軍にわたり、これらの兆しが見られる。賢者たちは、このように徴が重なることこそ、迫り来る敗北の印だと告げる。」

Word by Word

धार्तराष्ट्रस्यof Dhṛtarāṣṭra (i.e., Duryodhana/son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

सैन्येषुin the armies

सर्वेषुin all

मधुसूदनO slayer of Madhu (Kṛṣṇa)

पराभवस्यof defeat

तत्that

लिङ्गम्sign, mark

इतिthus

प्राहुःthey have said / they say

मनीषिणःthe wise (men)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)

Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kaurava side)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

When a cause is rooted in adharma, its consequences manifest not only in moral decline but also in visible instability—‘signs’ that the wise interpret as the approach of defeat. The verse frames discernment (manīṣā) as reading ethical reality through its outward symptoms.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Kṛṣṇa (addressed as Madhusūdana) that across the Kaurava forces there are widespread indications of impending loss, and that experienced observers regard these as clear marks of coming defeat.