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Shloka 5

Yuddha-yajña-vyākhyāna (The Battle as Sacrifice): Ambarīṣa–Indra Saṃvāda

स दृष्टवोपरि गच्छन्तं सेनापतिमुदारधी: । ऋद्धि दृष्टवा सुदेवस्य विस्मित: प्राह वासवम्‌,वह सम्पूर्णत: तेजस्वी, दिव्य एवं श्रेष्ठ विमानपर बैठकर ऊपर-ऊपर चला जा रहा था। अपने शक्तिशाली सेनापतिको अपनेसे भी ऊपर होकर जाते देख सुदेवकी उस समृद्धिका प्रत्यक्ष दर्शन करके उदारबुद्धि राजा अम्बरीष आश्चर्यसे चकित हो उठे और इन्द्रदेवसे बोले

sa dṛṣṭvopari gacchantaṃ senāpatim udāradḥīḥ | ṛddhiṃ dṛṣṭvā sudevasya vismitaḥ prāha vāsavam ||

ビーシュマは言った。「心高き将帥が己の上へと昇るのを見、またスデーヴァの得た並外れた繁栄と光輝を目の当たりにして、王アンバリーシャは驚愕し、深い驚嘆のうちにヴァーサヴァ(インドラ)に語りかけた。」

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
उपरिabove, overhead
उपरि:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपरि
गच्छन्तम्going, moving
गच्छन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
सेनापतिम्the commander of the army
सेनापतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेनापति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उदारधीःof noble intellect
उदारधीः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउदारधी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋद्धिम्prosperity, splendor
ऋद्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋद्धि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
सुदेवस्यof Sudeva
सुदेवस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसुदेव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विस्मितःastonished
विस्मितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविस्मित
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राहsaid, spoke
प्राह:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+अह्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वासवम्to Vāsava (Indra)
वासवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवासव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
S
Senāpati (commander)
S
Sudeva
V
Vāsava (Indra)
V
Vimāna (divine aerial car)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that genuine eminence is not merely social position but can be revealed through visible signs of merit and divine sanction; witnessing another’s superior ascent provokes inquiry into the ethical and spiritual causes behind such prosperity.

A king (as reflected in the accompanying narrative context) sees a commander moving above him in a radiant divine conveyance and, amazed at Sudeva’s extraordinary fortune, turns to Indra (Vāsava) to ask or comment on what he has witnessed.