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Shloka 9

Adhyāya 90 — Protection of Livelihoods, Brahmanical Subsistence Norms, and Royal Oversight (राष्ट्रवृत्ति-राष्ट्रगुप्ति-उपदेशः)

शत्रून्‌ जय प्रजा रक्ष यजस्व क्रतुभिर्न्‌प । युध्यस्व समरे वीरो भूत्वा कौरवनन्दन,नरेश्वर! कौरवनन्दन! तुम शत्रुओंको जीतो, प्रजाकी रक्षा करो, नाना प्रकारके यज्ञ करते रहो और समरभूमिमें वीरतापूर्वक लड़ो

śatrūn jaya prajā rakṣa yajasva kratubhir nṛpa | yudhyasva samare vīro bhūtvā kauravanandana ||

ビーシュマはクル族の王子を諭した。「おお人中王よ、クルの誉れよ。敵を征し、民を守り、さまざまな祭祀によって聖なる秩序を支えよ。そして義務が求めるときは、戦場において勇敢に戦え。」

शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
जयconquer (you)
जय:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
रक्षprotect (you)
रक्ष:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
यजस्वperform sacrifice (for yourself/regularly)
यजस्व:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
क्रतुभिःby sacrifices, with rites
क्रतुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
युध्यस्वfight (you)
युध्यस्व:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वीरःa hero, brave one
वीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada-derived
कौरवनन्दनO delight of the Kauravas
कौरवनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव-नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेश्वरO lord of men (king)
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनर-ईश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
Kauravanandana (Kuru prince)
N
nṛpa (king)

Educational Q&A

A king’s dharma is fourfold here: subdue threats, protect the populace, uphold sacred order through yajña, and fight courageously when war is righteous and necessary—power is justified only when it serves protection and dharma.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs the ruler (addressed as ‘Kauravanandana’) on proper conduct of kingship, summarizing the active duties expected of a kṣatriya-king in governance, ritual responsibility, and warfare.