Shloka 3
Chapter 81: Trust, Allies, and the Qualifications of the King’s Artha-Secretary (अर्थसचिव)
भीष्म उवाच चतुर्विधानि मित्राणि राज्ञां राजन् भवन्त्युत । सहार्थो भजमानश्न सहज: कृत्रिमस्तथा,भीष्मजीने कहा--राजन्! राजाके सहायक या मित्र चार प्रकारके होते हैं--१-सहार्थ २-भजमान ३-सहज और ४-कृत्रिम-
bhīṣma uvāca caturvidhāni mitrāṇi rājñāṃ rājan bhavanty uta | sahārtho bhajamānaś ca sahajaḥ kṛtrimas tathā ||
ビーシュマは言った。「王よ、王たちの助け手、すなわち友は四種である。第一にサハールタ（sahārtha）—利害を共にする友。第二にバジャマーナ（bhajamāna）—奉仕によって身を寄せる帰依の友。第三にサハジャ（sahaja）—血縁や久しい結びつきから生じる自然の友。第四にクリトリマ（kṛtrima）—意図して取り結ばれた作為の友である。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma teaches that a king’s friendships are not all of one kind; they arise from shared interests, devoted following, natural bonds, or deliberate political construction. Sound governance requires discerning which type of friend one has, since each implies different motives and reliability.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhishma addresses the king and begins a classification of royal allies, listing four categories as a framework for evaluating relationships in politics and rule.