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Shloka 93

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

शूद्रा भैक्षेण जीवन्ति ब्राह्मणा: परिचर्यया । योगक्षेमस्य नाशक्ष वर्तते वर्णसंकर:

śūdrā bhaikṣeṇa jīvanti brāhmaṇāḥ paricaryayā | yogakṣemasya nāśaś ca vartate varṇasaṅkaraḥ ||

ビーシュマは語った。「シュードラが乞いによって命をつなぎ、ブラーフマナが卑しい奉仕によって生計を立てねばならぬとき、民の福祉と安寧(ヨーガ・クシェーマ)は滅び、社会の秩序はヴァルナの混淆(ヴァルナ・サンカラ)と混乱へと崩れ落ちる。」

शूद्राःShudras
शूद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भैक्षेणby begging/alms
भैक्षेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभैक्ष
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
जीवन्तिlive, subsist
जीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmanas
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परिचर्ययाby service/attendance
परिचर्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपरिचर्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
योगक्षेमस्यof welfare and security (acquisition & preservation)
योगक्षेमस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootयोगक्षेम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
नाशःdestruction
नाशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वर्ततेoccurs, prevails
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
वर्णसंकरःintermixture/confusion of social classes
वर्णसंकरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्णसंकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

A society prospers when each group can sustain itself through its proper duties; when economic and moral roles invert—begging becomes the lot of the laboring class and servile dependence the lot of the learned—public welfare (yoga-kṣema) collapses and social confusion (varṇasaṅkara) spreads.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and governance. Here he warns that misrule and disorder distort livelihoods and duties, leading to the loss of the people’s security and prosperity and to widespread social breakdown.