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Shloka 93

Nāgendra–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda: Praśna-vidhi and Dharmic Approach on the Gomatī Riverbank

भगवान्‌ केशव ब्रह्मा आदि देवताओं, सम्पूर्ण लोकों, महात्मा-ऋषियों, सांख्यवेत्ताओं, योगियों और आत्मज्ञानी यतियोंके मनकी बातें भी जानते हैं; परंतु उनके मनमें क्या है? यह उनमेंसे किसीको पता नहीं है ।।

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | bhagavān keśavo brahmā ādi-devatāḥ sampūrṇāṃl lokān mahātmā-ṛṣīn sāṅkhya-vettṝn yoginaś cātmajñānī yatināṃ ca manāṃsi jānāti; kintu tasya manasi kiṃ vartate? etad eṣāṃ madhye kasya cid api na viditam || ye kecit sarva-lokeṣu daivaṃ pitryaṃ ca kurvanti | dānāni ca prayacchanti tapyante ca tapo mahat | teṣāṃ sarveṣāṃ āśrayo bhagavān viṣṇur eva | sa aiśvarya-yoge sthitaḥ | sarva-prāṇi-nivāsa-sthānatvād ‘vāsudeva’ iti kathyate ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。「福徳具足のケーシャヴァは、梵天と太古の神々、あらゆる世界、偉大なる聖仙、サーンキヤを究めた者、ヨーギー、そして我を知る苦行者たちの心の内を悉く知っておられる。だが、御身ご自身の御心にあるものは—彼らのうち誰一人として知り得ない。世のすべてにおいて、神々のために供犠を行い、祖霊のためにシュラーダッダを修し、施しをなし、大いなる苦行に励む者たち—その究極の依りどころは主ヴィシュヌにほかならない。主は自在主宰のヨーガに安住し、また一切衆生の住処であるがゆえに、『ヴァースデーヴァ』と称されるのである。」

येwho/which (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केचित्some (persons)
केचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वलोकेषुin all worlds
सर्वलोकेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
दैवम्rite for the gods / divine offering
दैवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पित्र्यम्rite for the ancestors (śrāddha etc.)
पित्र्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपित्र्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुर्वतेdo/perform
कुर्वते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, Third, Plural
दानानिgifts, donations
दानानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रयच्छन्तिgive, bestow
प्रयच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
तप्यन्तेperform austerity / practice tapas
तप्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootतप्
FormPresent, Ātmanepada, Third, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशग्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
K
Keśava
B
Brahmā
Ā
Ādi-devatās (primeval gods)
M
Mahātmā-ṛṣis (great seers)
S
Sāṅkhya-vettās (knowers of Sāṅkhya)
Y
Yogins
Ā
Ātmajñānī yatis (self-knowing ascetics)
V
Viṣṇu
V
Vāsudeva
D
Devas (gods)
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

All religious acts—sacrifice to the gods, ancestral rites, charity, and austerity—derive their ultimate efficacy and support from Viṣṇu/Vāsudeva. Even the highest beings and sages may be known by Him, yet His own inner will remains beyond their grasp, underscoring divine transcendence and the need for taking refuge in the Supreme.

In the didactic flow of Śānti Parva, Vaiśaṃpāyana reports a theological reflection that elevates Keśava/Viṣṇu as the hidden ground of all virtuous practices and spiritual disciplines, explaining why He is called Vāsudeva—because all beings dwell in Him.