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Shloka 156

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

बल॑ कोशममात्यांश्व॒ कस्यैतानि न वा नूप । नरेश्वरर आप जो इस नगरको, राष्ट्रको, सेनाको तथा कोष और मन्त्रियोंको भी “ये सब मेरे हैं' ऐसा कहते हुए अपना मानते हैं, वह आपका भ्रम ही है। मैं पूछती हूँ, ये सब किसके हैं और किसके नहीं हैं? ।।

balaṁ kośam amātyāṁś ca kasyaitāni na vā nṛpa | mitrāmātyapuraṁ rāṣṭraṁ daṇḍaḥ kośo mahīpatiḥ ||

ビーシュマは言った。「王よ、武力、国庫、そして大臣たち——それらは誰のものであり、また誰のものではないのか。都、国土、軍勢、国庫、顧問たちについて『すべて我がものだ』と主張するなら、その所有の思いは迷妄である。言え、それらは真に誰に属し、誰に属さぬのか。友(同盟者)、大臣、都、国、刑威(罰の権能)、国庫、そして王——これらを王権の七支という。統治は七支が互いに支え合ってこそ成り立つ。ゆえに賢者は“所有”に執着せず、正しい政(まつりごと)によってダルマを護り立てる。」

बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कोशम्treasury
कोशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अमात्यान्ministers
अमात्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमात्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कस्यof whom/whose
कस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
एतानिthese (things)
एतानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मित्रally/friend
मित्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अमात्यminister
अमात्य:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअमात्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरम्city/fortified capital
पुरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
राष्ट्रम्kingdom/territory
राष्ट्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दण्डःpunitive power/sceptre
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कोशःtreasury
कोशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महीपतिःking (lord of the earth)
महीपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
nṛpa (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in context)
K
kośa (treasury)
A
amātya (ministers)
M
mitra (allies)
P
pura (city)
R
rāṣṭra (kingdom/realm)
D
daṇḍa (punitive authority)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma challenges the king’s sense of possessive ownership over the apparatus of rule. Power is constituted by interdependent ‘limbs’—allies, ministers, city, realm, coercive authority, treasury, and the king—so a ruler should govern as a trustee under dharma rather than as an owner driven by delusion.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhīṣma addresses the king and reframes the nature of sovereignty: the state is not a personal possession but a system of mutually supporting elements. He uses this to guide ethical governance and restraint in royal conduct.