Shloka 12

Aśoka-śāstra: Nārada’s Instruction on the Cessation of Śoka

Grief

Devanagari script

प्रकृतेविक्रियापत्ति: षण्मासान्मृत्युलक्षणम्‌ | यदि मनुष्यकी बहुत बढ़ी-चढ़ी कान्ति भी अत्यन्त फीकी पड़ जाय, अधिक बुद्धिमत्ता भी बुद्धिहीनतामें परिणत हो जाय और स्वभावमें भी भारी उलट-फेर हो जाय तो यह उसके छ: महीनेके भीतर ही होनेवाली मृत्युका सूचक है ।।

Transliteration

yājñavalkya uvāca | prakṛte vikriyāpattiḥ ṣaṇmāsān mṛtyulakṣaṇam | daivatāny avajānāti brāhmaṇaiś ca virudhyate |

Translation

ヤージュニャヴァルキヤは言った。「本来の性分が著しくねじ曲がるのは、六か月以内の死の徴である。かつての輝きが急に色褪せ、鋭い知が愚かさへと崩れ、気質そのものが激しく反転するなら、それは死が近い兆しである。さらに、神々を軽んじ、ブラーフマナたちと敵対するようになるとき、それはダルマの深い衰退と、終わりの接近を示す。」

Word by Word

• {'prakṛti': 'one’s natural constitution

• innate disposition', 'vikriyā': 'alteration

• abnormal change', 'āpattiḥ': 'occurrence

• onset', 'prakṛte vikriyāpattiḥ': 'the onset of a distortion in one’s natural state', 'ṣaṇmāsāt': 'within six months

• from six months', 'mṛtyu': 'death', 'lakṣaṇam': 'mark

• characteristic indicator', 'daivatāni': 'the gods

• divine beings', 'avajānāti': 'disregards

• treats with contempt', 'brāhmaṇaiḥ': 'with brāhmaṇas

• with Brahmin sages/priests', 'virudhyate': 'becomes opposed

Speaker

याज्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yājñavalkya
• daivatāni (the gods)
• brāhmaṇāḥ (brāhmaṇas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Sudden, profound deterioration in character, clarity, and reverence—especially contempt for the divine and conflict with brāhmaṇas—is presented as both a moral fall and an ominous sign of imminent death; the teaching urges vigilance over one’s inner nature and dharmic conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s didactic setting, Yājñavalkya instructs about mṛtyu-lakṣaṇas (signs of approaching death), describing observable changes in a person’s disposition and behavior that indicate a near end and a collapse of dharmic orientation.