Shloka 18
Vidyā–Avidyā and the Twenty-Fifth Principle
Sāṃkhya–Yoga Clarification
तात! आदित्य, वसु, रुद्र, अग्नि, अश्विनीकुमार, वायु, विश्वेदेव, साध्य, पितर, मरुदगण, यक्ष, राक्षस, गन्धर्व, सिद्ध तथा अन्य जो स्वर्गवासी देवता हैं, वे सब-के-सब तपस्यासे ही सिद्धिको प्राप्त हुए हैं ।।
tāta! āditya-vasu-rudrāgnyaśvinīkumāra-vāyu-viśvedeva-sādhya-pitṛ-marudgaṇa-yakṣa-rākṣasa-gandharva-siddhā tathā anye ye svargavāsino devatāḥ, te sarve tapasyaiva siddhiṃ prāptāḥ. ye cādau brāhmaṇāḥ sṛṣṭā brahmaṇā tapasā purā, te bhāvayantaḥ pṛthivīṃ vicaranti divaṃ tathā.
パラーシャラは言った。「愛しき子よ。アーディティヤ、ヴァス、ルドラ、アグニ、アシュヴィン双子、ヴァーユ、ヴィシュヴェーデーヴァ、サーディヤ、ピトリ、マルトの群、ヤクシャ、ラークシャサ、ガンダルヴァ、シッダ、そして天界に住まう他のすべての神々——その一人残らずが、ただ苦行（タパス）によって力と成就を得たのだ。さらに、太初に梵天が古のタパスによって創り出した婆羅門——原初の聖仙たちは、その修行の力によって大地と天を清めつつ遍歴している。」
पराशर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that true power, status, and spiritual accomplishment—whether of gods or perfected beings—arise from tapas (disciplined austerity). Tapas is presented as a universal means of attainment and as a force that purifies and sustains the cosmos.
Parāśara addresses a listener as “dear child” and lists many celestial classes, asserting that all achieved their heavenly success through austerity. He then points to the primordial Brahmin-sages created by Brahmā, who roam and sanctify earth and heaven through the potency of their tapas.