Adhyāya 287 — Janaka’s Inquiry on Śreyas, Abhayadāna, and Asaṅga
Non-attachment
यत् तु निश्रेयसं सम्यक् तच्चैवासंशयात्मकम्
yat tu niśreyasaṃ samyak tac caivāsaṃśayātmakam | suhṛdām anugrahaḥ śatrubhāva-dhāriṇāṃ duṣṭānāṃ daṇḍanaṃ tathā dharmārtha-kāma-saṃgrahaś ca—idaṃ manīṣiṇaḥ śreya ity āhuḥ ||
ナーラダは言った。「正しく理解されたとき、最高の善(niśreyasa)へと真に導くものは、その本性において疑いを離れている。善き友に恩恵と扶助を施し、怨みを抱く悪しき者を罰し、さらに三つの目的—ダルマ、アルタ(富・繁栄)、そして正当なカーマ(欲)—を確保すること。これを賢者は『善』(śreyas)と呼ぶ。」
नारद उवाच
True welfare (niśreyasa/śreyas) is not uncertain or speculative; it is recognized by clear ethical duties: support the well-disposed, restrain and punish the malicious who act from enmity, and responsibly secure dharma, artha, and kāma in a balanced way.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous governance and conduct, Nārada states criteria for what counts as genuine ‘good’: benevolence toward allies and well-wishers, firm punishment of hostile wrongdoers, and the orderly pursuit of the three human aims (dharma, artha, kāma).