Shloka 21
उशनसः (शुक्रस्य) चरितम् — The Account of Uśanā (Śukra): Yoga, Grievance, and Pacification
इस प्रकार मैंने सभी जीवोंको जन्म-मरणके चक््करमें पड़ा हुआ देखा है। शास्त्रका भी ऐसा सिद्धान्त है कि जैसा कर्म होता है, वैसा ही फल मिलता है ।।
tiryag gacchanti narakaṁ mānuṣyaṁ daivam eva ca | sukhaduḥkhe priye dveṣye caritvā pūrvam eva ha ||
ビーシュマは言った。「このようにして、あらゆる生きとし生けるものが生と死の輪廻に囚われているのを、私は見てきた。シャーストラの教えもまたこうである――行いのとおりに、その果報を受ける。すでに快と苦、愛すべきものと憎むべきものの間をさまよい終えたのち、衆生は自らの業に従って、地獄へ、畜生の生へ、人の生へ、あるいは天界の生へと赴くのだ。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches karmic retribution within saṁsāra: beings experience pleasure/pain and dear/hateful objects, and then—according to their actions—attain different destinations such as hell, animal birth, human birth, or divine birth. Moral causality (karma → phala) governs transmigration.
In the Śānti Parva instruction, Bhīṣma is advising on dharma and the workings of karma. He frames his counsel as both personal observation and śāstric doctrine, explaining how embodied beings move through various realms based on prior conduct.