Shloka 17
राजधर्मः—राष्ट्ररक्षणं, दण्डनीतिः, हयग्रीवोपाख्यानम्
Royal Duty: Protection, Penal Policy, and the Hayagrīva Exemplum
Devanagari script
नष्टे धने वा दारे वा पुत्रे पितरि वा मृते । अहो दुःखमिति ध्यायन् दुःखस्यापचितिं चरेत्
Translation
「財が失われたとき、あるいは妻・子・父が死んだとき、人は『ああ、重い苦しみが我が身に降りかかった』と思い、その苦しみを鎮めようと努める。」
Word by Word
नष्टेwhen (it is) lost
नष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्ट (√नश्)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धनेin wealth; when wealth
धने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
दारेin wife (spouse); when wife
दारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदार
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
पुत्रेin (one's) son; when son
पुत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पितरिin (one's) father; when father
पितरि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
मृतेwhen (he is) dead
मृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (√मृ)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अहोalas! ah!
अहो:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो
दुःखम्sorrow, suffering
दुःखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
ध्यायन्thinking, brooding
ध्यायन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootध्याय (√ध्यै)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखस्यof sorrow
दुःखस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अपचितिम्removal, cessation
अपचितिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपचिति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
चरेत्should practice/undertake
चरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
व्यास उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes