Shloka 7
सूक्ष्मभूत-भूतात्मविज्ञानम्
Knowing the subtle principle and the bhūtātman through yoga
कपाल वृक्षमूलानि कुचैलमसहायता । उपेक्षा सर्वभूतानामेतावद् भिक्षुलक्षणम्,भिक्षापात्र एवं कमण्डलु रखे। वृक्षकी जड़में सोये या निवास करे। जो देखनेमें सुन्दर न हो, ऐसा वस्त्र धारण करे। किसीको साथ न रखे और सब प्राणियोंकी उपेक्षा कर दे। ये सब संन्यासीके लक्षण हैं
vyāsa uvāca | kapāla-vṛkṣa-mūlāni kucailam asahāyatā | upekṣā sarva-bhūtānām etāvad bhikṣu-lakṣaṇam | bhikṣā-pātraṃ eva ca kamaṇḍaluṃ rakhet | vṛkṣa-mūle śayīta vā nivāsaṃ kuryāt | yaḥ darśane na sundaraṃ vastraṃ dhārayet | na kaṃcid saha rakhet sarva-bhūteṣu ca upekṣāṃ kuryāt | etāni sannyāsinaḥ lakṣaṇāni ||
ヴィヤーサは言った。「托鉢者のしるしはこれである。髑髏鉢、樹根を宿とし、粗末で見映えのしない衣をまとい、伴を持たず、あらゆる生きものに対して離著を保つこと。乞鉢とカマンダル（浄水の水瓶）以外は持たず、木の根元に臥し、あるいはそこに住み、賞賛を招かぬ衣を着よ。侍者を置かず、すべての生類に対して執着も嫌悪も離れた無関心に住せよ。これが出離者の相である。」
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse defines renunciation as radical simplicity and inner non-attachment: minimal possessions (bowl and water-pot), austere living (tree-root as shelter), avoidance of display (unattractive clothing), solitude, and equanimity toward all beings—freedom from dependence, favoritism, and hostility.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma after the war, Vyāsa is describing the observable disciplines and lifestyle that characterize a true mendicant/renunciant, emphasizing external austerity as a support for inner detachment.