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Shloka 29

कामबन्धन-निवृत्ति तथा शान्तिलक्षण-उपदेशः | Release from Desire-Bondage and the Marks of Peace

अत: परं परममुदारमाश्रमं तृतीयमाहुस्त्यजतां कलेवरम्‌ । वनौकसां गृहपतिनामनुत्तमं शृणुष्व संश्लिष्टशरीरकारिणाम्‌,इस गृहस्थाश्रमके पश्चात्‌ तीसरा उससे भी श्रेष्ठ परम उदार वानप्रस्थ-आश्रम है; जो शरीरको सुखाकर अस्थिचर्मावशिष्ट कर देनेवाले तथा वनमें रहकर तपस्यापूर्वक शरीरको त्यागनेवाले वानप्रस्थियोंका आश्रय है। यह गृहस्थोंसे श्रेष्ठठटम माना गया है, अब इसके धर्म बताता हूँ, सुनो

ataḥ paraṁ paramam udāram āśramaṁ tṛtīyam āhus tyajatāṁ kalevaram | vanaukasāṁ gṛhapatīnām anuttamaṁ śṛṇuṣva saṁśliṣṭa-śarīra-kāriṇām ||

家住期ののちに来るのは第三のアーシュラマ、至高にして寛大、最も高貴なるもの――林住期(ヴァーナプラスタ)と呼ばれる。これは森に住み、苦行によって身を律し、身体を次第に枯らし、ついには修行の力によってこの身を捨て去る者たちの依り処である。今、その比類なき生き方――家住期よりも高いとされる道――を、かかる身の鍛錬を引き受ける者のために語ろう。聞け。

अतःthereafter; hence
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
परम्further; next
परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपर
परमम्supreme; highest
परमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उदारम्noble; generous; exalted
उदारम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउदार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आश्रमम्stage of life; āśrama
आश्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तृतीयम्third
तृतीयम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey say; they have declared
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
त्यजताम्of those who abandon
त्यजताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormPresent active participle (Śatṛ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
कलेवरम्body
कलेवरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकलेवर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वनौकसाम्of forest-dwellers
वनौकसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवनौकस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
गृहपतिनाम्of householders; of heads of households
गृहपतिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगृहपति
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनुत्तमम्unsurpassed; excellent
अनुत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुत्तम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शृणुष्वhear; listen
शृणुष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative (Loṭ), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
संश्लिष्ट-शरीर-कारिणाम्of those who make the body emaciated/contracted (austere practitioners)
संश्लिष्ट-शरीर-कारिणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसंश्लिष्टशरीरकारिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
V
vānaprastha-āśrama
G
gṛhastha-āśrama
F
forest (vana)

Educational Q&A

Vyāsa presents vānaprastha as the third āśrama after gṛhastha, praising it as a higher, nobler discipline oriented toward austerity, detachment, and eventual relinquishment of the body—preparing the practitioner for deeper renunciation and spiritual focus.

In the didactic flow of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa transitions from the householder stage to introduce the forest-dweller stage, announcing its excellence and inviting the listener to hear its specific dharmas and practices.