Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Gṛhastha-vṛtti and Niyama: Models of Householder Livelihood and Discipline (गृहस्थवृत्ति-नियमाः)

तिष्ठत्ये तेषु भगवान्‌ षट्सु कर्मसु संस्थित: । व्यासजी कहते हैं--बेटा! ब्राह्मणको चाहिये कि वेदोंमें बतायी गयी त्रयी विद्या--“अ उ म्‌' इन तीन अक्षरोंसे सम्बन्ध रखनेवाली प्रणवविद्याका चिन्तन एवं विचार करे। वेदके छहों अंगोंसहित ऋक्‌

tiṣṭhaty ete teṣu bhagavān ṣaṭsu karmasu saṁsthitaḥ | dharmadvīpena bhūtānāṁ cārthakāmajalenaca | ṛtavāḍmokṣatīreṇa vihiṁsātaruvāhinā |

ヴィヤーサは言った。「福徳ある主—すなわちダルマそのもの—は、この六つの務めのうちに確かに安住している。ゆえに婆羅門は、聖なるプラナヴァ(A‑U‑M)を観想し、ヴェーダ六支とともに、リグ・サーマ・ヤジュル・アタルヴァの諸マントラを、音と文字を損なわぬよう学ぶべきである。主はダルマとして、これらヴェーダの修行と、六つの行い—祭祀を行うこと、他者のために祭祀を執り行うこと、学ぶこと、教えること、施すこと、施しを受けること—に堅く根ざしているからである。」さらに彼は、時を大河として描く。財と欲の水のただ中で、ダルマは避難の島となり、真実の言葉と解脱は両岸となる。暴力の樹々はその流れに漂い、創造主の造りし生類はヤマの国へと引き寄せられてゆく。

तिष्ठतिstands/abides
तिष्ठति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (तिष्ठ-)
FormLat (present), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
एतेषुin these
एतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
षट्सुin (the) six
षट्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeNumeral
Rootषट्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
कर्मसुin actions/rites
कर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, locative, plural
संस्थितःestablished/standing firm
संस्थितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंस्था (सम् + स्था) → संस्थित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, क्त (past passive participle)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
Bhagavān (as Dharma)
D
Dharma
V
Veda (Ṛgveda, Sāmaveda, Yajurveda, Atharvaveda)
P
Pranava (Oṁ: A-U-M)
Y
Yama (Yamaloka)
K
Kāla (Time, as a river)
V
Vidhātṛ (the Creator/Ordainer)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not abstract but ‘dwells’ in concrete disciplines: Vedic contemplation (especially the Pranava), accurate study of mantra and sound, and the six brāhmaṇa duties—sacrificing, officiating, studying, teaching, giving, and accepting gifts. These practices are presented as supports that keep one aligned with the divine principle of Dharma amid the destabilizing flow of Time, wealth, and desire.

Vyāsa instructs the listener (addressed as ‘son’ in the surrounding prose) on brāhmaṇa conduct and the religious-ethical foundations of society. He then expands the instruction with a vivid allegory: Time is a mighty river sweeping beings toward Yama’s realm; in that current, Dharma is an island of refuge, while truth and liberation mark the safe shores.