Shloka 14
Gṛhastha-vṛtti and Niyama: Models of Householder Livelihood and Discipline (गृहस्थवृत्ति-नियमाः)
कालोदकेन महता वर्षावर्तेन संततम् । मासोर्मिणर्तुवेगेन पक्षोलपतृणेन च
vyāsa uvāca | kālodakena mahatā varṣāvartena santatam | māsormibhir ṛtuvegena pakṣolapatṛṇena ca | nimeṣonmeṣa-phenena dinarātri-jalapravāhaiḥ | kāmadevo bhayaṅkaro grāhaḥ | vedā yajñāś ca naukāḥ | dharmo dvīpaḥ prāṇinām āśrayabhūtaḥ | artha-kāmau jalāni | satyabhāṣaṇaṃ mokṣaś ca ubhe tīre | hiṃsā-rūpā vṛkṣāḥ tasmin kāla-pravāhe vahanti | yugaṃ maryādā | brahmaiva ca taṃ kālanadaṃ prasūte parvataḥ | tasmin pravāhe patitā vidhātṛ-sṛṣṭāḥ sarve prāṇino yamalokaṃ prati ākarṣyante ||
ヴィヤーサは言った。「時は大河である。その水は時そのもの、絶えず起こる雨は渦となる。月はうねる波、季節は押し流す流れ、半月は蔓草と草叢である。瞬きと瞬かぬことは泡、昼と夜は流れゆく水脈。欲（カーマ）はその中に潜む恐るべき鰐である。ヴェーダと祭祀は舟、ダルマは生きとし生けるものの避難の島。財と快楽はその水、真実の言葉と解脱は両岸。暴力の樹々はその流れに漂う。ユガはその限りを示し、ブラフマンはこの時の河を生む源山である。この流れに落ちた創造主の造りし一切の生類は、ヤマの国へと引き寄せられてゆく。」
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Time is an irresistible current carrying all beings toward death and judgment; only disciplined life—grounded in Dharma, truthful speech, and oriented to moksha—provides safe footing and a way to ‘cross’ the dangers of desire, violence, and attachment.
Vyāsa delivers a sustained metaphor: the cosmos is a river of Time with cycles (days, months, seasons, yugas) as its features; desire is a predator within it; Vedic knowledge and sacrifice are boats; Dharma is a refuge-island; and all created beings are pulled along toward Yama’s realm.