Shloka 16
Bṛhaspati’s Counsel on Contentment
Santoṣa), Restraint, and Adroha (Non-injury
Devanagari script
विधिना श्रावणेनैव कुर्यात् कर्माण्यतन्द्रित: । य एवं वर्तते राजन् स राजा धर्मनिश्चितः
Transliteration
vidhinā śrāvaṇenaiva kuryāt karmāṇy atandritaḥ | ya evaṁ vartate rājan sa rājā dharmaniścitaḥ ||
Translation
定められた教えを正しく聴聞し、それに則って怠りなく務めを果たすべきである。王よ、このように身を処する君主はダルマに堅く立ち—その行路は正義によって定まっている。
Word by Word
विधिनाby rule / according to injunction
विधिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
श्रावणेनby listening (to instruction/recitation)
श्रावणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रावण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कुर्यात्should do / should perform
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्माणिacts / duties / rites
कर्माणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अतन्द्रितःunwearied / diligent
अतन्द्रितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतन्द्रित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus / in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वर्ततेconducts himself / behaves / lives
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Atmanepada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मनिश्चितःresolved/firm in dharma
धर्मनिश्चितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मनिश्चित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
देवस्थान उवाच
Characters & Entities
द
देवस्थान (speaker)र
राजन् (the king addressed)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
A ruler (and by extension any person) should first listen attentively to proper instruction and then carry out prescribed duties diligently; such disciplined conduct makes one firmly established in dharma.
Devastāna addresses a king, giving a concise rule of conduct: learn through authorized hearing and then act without negligence, defining the mark of a dharma-grounded king.