Shloka 21

महत्सु भूतेषु वसन्ति पठच पज्चेद्धियार्थाश्व॒ तथेन्द्रियाणि । सर्वाणि चैतानि मनो5नुगानि बुद्धि मनोडन्वेति मति: स्वभावम्‌,पाँचों इन्द्रियोंक पाँचों विषय तथा पाँचों इन्द्रियाँ भी पठ्च सूक्ष्म महाभूतोंमें निवास करते हैं, ये शब्द आदि विषय, आकाश आदि भूत तथा श्रोत्र आदि इन्द्रियाँ सब-के-सब मनके अनुगामी हैं। मन बुद्धिका अनुसरण करता है और बुद्धि आत्माका आश्रय लेकर रहती है

mahatsu bhūteṣu vasanti pañca pañcendriyārthāś ca tathendriyāṇi | sarvāṇi caitāni mano'nugāni buddhiṁ mano'nveti matiḥ svabhāvam ||

ビーシュマは言った。五つの感官の対象と五つの感官とは、大いなる(微細なる)諸元素のうちに住する。対象も元素も感官も、すべては心の指揮のもとに動く。心はまた知性(buddhi)に従い、知性はその本性により自己(Ātman)に依りて安住する。ゆえに倫理的な自己統御は、まず心を治めることから始まる。経験の全領域は心によって秩序づけられ、ついには自己へと帰着するからである。

महत्सुin the great (ones)
महत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
भूतेषुin the elements/beings
भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
वसन्तिdwell/abide
वसन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeNumeral
Rootपञ्च
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeNumeral
Rootपञ्च
इन्द्रियार्थाःobjects of the senses
इन्द्रियार्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रियार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
इन्द्रियाणिsense-organs
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनुगानिfollowing/obedient to
अनुगानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुग
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्वेतिfollows
अन्वेति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-इ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मतिःthought/understanding
मतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्वभावम्its own nature
स्वभावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
mind (manas)
I
intellect (buddhi)
S
Self (ātman, implied)
M
mahābhūtas (great elements)
S
sense faculties (indriyas)
S
sense objects (indriyārthas)

Educational Q&A

Sense-objects and sense-faculties function under the mind; the mind is guided by the intellect; and the intellect ultimately depends on the Self. Therefore, ethical and spiritual discipline should focus on mastering the mind through discernment rooted in the Self.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma explains to Yudhishthira an inner hierarchy of experience—elements, senses, mind, intellect, and the Self—clarifying how perception and action are coordinated and how one should cultivate self-control.