Shloka 27
मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः
Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature
प्रीति: सत्त्वं रज: शोकस्तमो मोहस्तु ते त्रय: । ये ये च भावा लोके5स्मिन् सर्वेष्वेतेषु वै त्रिषु
prītiḥ sattvaṁ rajaḥ śokas tamo mohas tu te trayaḥ | ye ye ca bhāvā loke 'smin sarveṣv eteṣu vai triṣu ||
ビーシュマは言った。「愛や歓喜はサットヴァ（sattva）に属し、悲嘆はラジャス（rajas）に属し、迷妄はタマス（tamas）に属する—これが三つである。この世に起こるいかなる心の状態も、すべてこの三つのうちに含まれる。ゆえに感情を究極の真実と見なすのではなく、グナ（guṇa）の動きとして理解し、明澄なるサットヴァを養って、ダルマ（dharma）にかなう生を送るべきである。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
All emotional and mental states (bhāvas) can be understood as expressions of the three guṇas: joy/affection aligns with sattva, grief with rajas, and delusion with tamas. Ethical cultivation involves increasing sattva—clarity and balance—so one is less driven by agitation (rajas) or confusion (tamas).
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on conduct and inner discipline, Bhishma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira a framework for interpreting human emotions. He classifies common experiences—happiness, sorrow, and delusion—under the three guṇas, presenting a practical lens for self-governance and dharmic living.