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Shloka 33

Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra

धर्मो योनिर्मनुष्याणां देवानाममृतं दिवि । प्रेत्यभावे सुखं धर्माच्छश्वत्तैरुपभुज्यते

dharmo yonir manuṣyāṇāṁ devānām amṛtaṁ divi | pretyabhāve sukhaṁ dharmāc chaśvattair upabhujyate ||

ビーシュマは言った。「ダルマこそは人の命を形づくる胎であり根源である。天においては、それは神々の不死の甘露である。死後もまた、正しき者はダルマの力によって、絶えず安寧を享受する。」

धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योनिḥsource, womb, origin
योनिḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मनुष्याणाम्of humans
मनुष्याणाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
देवानाम्of the gods
देवानाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अमृतम्nectar; immortality
अमृतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दिविin heaven
दिवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
प्रेत्यhaving departed; after death
प्रेत्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र-इ (इण्)
Formgerund/absolutive: having gone (i.e., after death)
भावेin the state/condition (of existence)
भावे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सुखम्happiness, pleasure
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मात्from dharma; by dharma (as cause)
धर्मात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
शश्वत्always, perpetually
शश्वत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशश्वत्
Formadverb
तैःby them (i.e., by those merits/results)
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
उपभुज्यतेis enjoyed/experienced
उपभुज्यते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-भुज्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Impersonal usage (bhāve-prayoga possible)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
H
humans (manuṣyāḥ)
G
gods (devāḥ)
H
heaven (div)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is presented as the fundamental source of human flourishing and as the very ‘nectar’ that sustains divine life; it also becomes the enduring cause of happiness after death for those who live righteously.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on the supremacy of dharma, emphasizing its power to generate well-being in this life and to secure lasting happiness beyond death.