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Shloka 38

Bhṛgu–Bharadvāja-saṃvāda: Vānaprastha-parivrājaka-ācāra, Abhaya-dharma, and Lokānāṃ Vibhāga (Śānti-parva 185)

तत्रैकगुणमाकाशं शब्द इत्येव तत्स्मृतम्‌ । तस्य शब्दस्य वक्ष्यामि विस्तरं विविधात्मकम्‌,एष सप्तविध: प्रोक्तो गुण आकाशसम्भव: । आकाशका एकमात्र गुण शब्द ही माना गया है। उस शब्दगुणका अनेक भेदोंमें जो विस्तार हुआ है, उसका वर्णन करता हूँ--षड्ज, ऋषभ, गान्धार, मध्यम, पंचम, धैवत तथा निषाद--ये आकाशजनित शब्द गुणके सात भेद बताये गये हैं, जिन्हें जानना चाहिये

tatraikaguṇam ākāśaṃ śabda ity eva tat smṛtam | tasya śabdasya vakṣyāmi vistaraṃ vividhātmakam | eṣa saptavidhaḥ prokto guṇa ākāśasambhavaḥ |

「この点において、虚空(ākāśa)はただ一つの性質——音——をもつものとして記憶される。いま、その音が多面に展開するさまを詳しく説こう。この虚空より生じた性質は七種であると言われる。」(すなわち七音:ṣaḍja、ṛṣabha、gāndhāra、madhyama、pañcama、dhaivata、niṣāda。)

तत्रthere/in that context
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
एकone/single
एक:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गुणम्quality/attribute
गुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आकाशम्ether/space
आकाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शब्दःsound
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्मृतम्is remembered/considered
स्मृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formक्त, Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
तस्यof that
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
शब्दस्यof sound
शब्दस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वक्ष्यामिI shall explain
वक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formलृट्, Simple future, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
विस्तरम्expansion/detail
विस्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विविधvarious
विविध:
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आत्मकम्having the nature of
आत्मकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सप्तseven
सप्त:
TypeAdjective
Rootसप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विधःof kinds/types
विधः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रोक्तःis said/declared
प्रोक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वच्
Formक्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
गुणःquality
गुणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आकाशfrom ether/space
आकाश:
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सम्भवःoriginating/produced
सम्भवः:
TypeNoun
Rootसम्भव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भरद्वाज उवाच

B
Bharadvāja
Ā
ākāśa (space/ether)
Ś
śabda (sound)
ṣaḍja
ṛṣabha
G
gāndhāra
M
madhyama
P
pañcama
D
dhaivata
N
niṣāda

Educational Q&A

Space (ākāśa) is characterized by a single fundamental attribute—sound (śabda). That one attribute is then analyzed as having a structured, sevenfold manifestation, commonly understood as the seven musical notes (saptasvara).

Bharadvāja is teaching a philosophical account of the elements and their qualities. In this verse he identifies the defining quality of ākāśa as sound and announces a detailed explanation of sound’s differentiated forms, presented as seven kinds.