Shloka 2

अध्याय १७८ — प्राणवायुगतिः तथा शारीराग्निव्यवस्था

Adhyāya 178 — The courses of prāṇa-vāyu and the regulation of the bodily fire

Devanagari script

भीष्म उवाच सर्वसाम्यमनायासं सत्यवाक्यं च भारत । निर्वेदश्चाविधित्सा च यस्य स्यात्‌ स सुखी नर:

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca sarva-sāmyam anāyāsaṃ satya-vākyaṃ ca bhārata | nirvedaś cāvidhitsā ca yasya syāt sa sukhī naraḥ ||

Translation

ビーシュマは言った。「バーラタよ、まことに幸福な人とは、次のものを備える者である。すべてに対する平等心、無益な労苦のなさ、言葉の真実、世への離欲、そして欲に駆られた行為への執着の欠如。」

Word by Word

• भीष्मः: Bhishma
• भीष्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सर्वसाम्यम्: equanimity towards all
• सर्वसाम्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वसाम्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अनायासम्: effortlessness / absence of strain
• अनायासम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनायास
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यवाक्यम्: truthful speech
• सत्यवाक्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्यवाक्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• भारत: O Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• निर्वेदः: dispassion / weariness (towards worldly life)
• निर्वेदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्वेद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अविधित्सा: non-desire to act / absence of urge for action
• अविधित्सा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अविधित्सा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• यस्य: of whom / whose
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• स्यात्: may be / would be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुखी: happy
• सुखी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुखिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नरः: man
• नरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Bhārata (Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Happiness is grounded in inner discipline: impartiality toward all beings, avoiding pointless strain, speaking truth, becoming disenchanted with worldly compulsions, and not being driven by craving-based attachment to action.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and the means to peace after the war; here he defines the qualities by which a person becomes genuinely happy.