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Shloka 20

प्रजाविसर्ग-तत्त्वनिर्णयः | Cosmogony of Elemental Emergence

Bharadvāja–Bhṛgu Dialogue

जबतक मनुष्य भोगोंसे तृप्त नहीं होता, संग्रह ही करता रहता है, तभीतक ही उसे मौत आकर ले जाती है। ठीक वैसे ही, जैसे व्याप्र किसी पशुको ले जाता है ।। इदं कृतमिदं कार्यमिदमन्यत्‌ कृताकृतम्‌ । एवमीहासुखासक्तं कृतान्त: कुरुते वशे,मनुष्य सोचता है कि यह काम पूरा हो गया, यह अभी करना है और यह अधूरा ही पड़ा है--इस प्रकार चेष्टाजनित सुखमें आसक्त हुए मानवको काल अपने वशमें कर लेता है

yāvat manuṣyo bhogaiḥ na tṛpyati saṅgraham eva karoti; tāvat eva taṃ mṛtyur āgatya nayati—yathā vyāghraḥ paśum ādāya nayet. idaṃ kṛtam idaṃ kāryam idam anyat kṛtākṛtam; evam īhā-sukhāsaktaṃ kṛtāntaḥ kurute vaśe.

ビーシュマは言った。人が享楽に満ち足りぬかぎり、ただ蓄え続ける。そしてなおそのことに忙殺されている間に、死は来て彼を連れ去る――虎が獣をさらうように。「これは成し遂げた、これは成すべきだ、あれは半ば成り半ば未だ成らず」と思い、絶え間ない営みから生じる快楽に執着する者を、時(死)はその支配下に置くのである。

इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
कृतम्done, completed
कृतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ
Formneuter, nominative, singular, क्त (past passive participle)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
कार्यम्to-be-done task, duty
कार्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अन्यत्another, something else
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
कृतdone
कृत:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ
Formneuter, nominative, singular, क्त (past passive participle)
अकृतम्not done, unfinished
अकृतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ
Formneuter, nominative, singular, क्त (past passive participle) with privative a-
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
इहhere, in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
आसुखासक्तम्attached to (momentary) pleasures
आसुखासक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआसुखासक्त
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
कृतान्तःDeath, the End-maker (Yama/Time)
कृतान्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतान्त
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कुरुतेmakes, brings
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formpresent, indicative, ātmanepada, third, singular
वशेunder control, in subjection
वशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवश
Formmasculine, locative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Mṛtyu (Death)
K
Kṛtānta (Time/Death)
V
Vyāghra (tiger)
P
Paśu (animal/prey)

Educational Q&A

Insatiable craving for pleasures leads to endless accumulation and restless striving; while one remains absorbed in unfinished plans, Death/Time seizes one unexpectedly. The verse urges contentment and detachment, recognizing the inevitability of mortality.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on right living, Bhishma warns Yudhishthira about the human tendency to remain engrossed in worldly projects—counting what is done and what remains—until Death (Kṛtānta) overpowers them, illustrated by the image of a tiger carrying off its prey.