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Shloka 5

मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169

हितकी बात सुननेवाला सुहृद्‌ दुर्लभ है तथा हितकारी सुहृद्‌ भी दुर्लभ ही है। धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ पितामह! इन सब प्रश्नोंका आप विशद विवेचन कीजिये ।। भीष्म उवाच संधेयान्‌ पुरुषान्‌ राजन्नसंधेयांश्व॒ तत्त्वतः । वदतो मे निबोध त्वं निखिलेन युधिषप्ठिर,भीष्मजीने कहा--राजा युधिष्ठिर! किनके साथ संधि (मित्रता) करनी चाहिये और किनके साथ नहीं? यह बात मैं तुम्हें ठीक-ठीक बता रहा हूँ। तुम सब कुछ ध्यान देकर सुनो

bhīṣma uvāca | sandheyān puruṣān rājan asandheyāṁś ca tattvataḥ | vadato me nibodha tvaṁ nikhilena yudhiṣṭhira ||

ビーシュマは言った。「ユディシュティラ王よ、よく心して聞きなさい。事の真実に即して、どのような人々が同盟と和解のために近づくに足り、どのような人々がそうでないかを、余すところなく説き明かそう。友情と盟約においては、見極めそのものがダルマである。誤った結びつきは、正義をも国をも危うくするからだ。」

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संधेयान्to be allied with / fit for making peace (treaty)
संधेयान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसंधेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुरुषान्men, persons
पुरुषान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
असंधेयान्not to be allied with / unfit for making peace
असंधेयान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअसंधेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्त्वतःin truth, accurately
तत्त्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्त्वतः
वदतःof me who am speaking
वदतः:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular, Shatru (present active participle)
मेmy, of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
निबोधunderstand; listen attentively
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
निखिलेनcompletely, in full (lit. with the whole)
निखिलेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिखिल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira

Educational Q&A

Bhishma frames alliance-making (sandhi) as a moral and practical discipline: one must know, truthfully and clearly, which people are suitable for friendship and reconciliation and which are not, because wise association protects dharma and the stability of rule.

In the Shanti Parva instruction scene, Bhishma addresses King Yudhishthira and begins a systematic explanation of categories of people—those with whom one should form agreements and those to avoid—asking Yudhishthira to listen carefully to the complete teaching.