Shloka 17
Adhyāya 164: Gautama as Guest; Kaśyapa’s Satkāra and the Fourfold Arthagati; Journey to Virūpākṣa
Devanagari script
ईर्ष्या कामात् प्रभवति संहर्षाच्चैव जायते । इतरेषां तु सत्त्वानां प्रज्ञया सा प्रणश्यति
Transliteration
īrṣyā kāmāt prabhavati saṁharṣāc caiva jāyate | itareṣāṁ tu sattvānāṁ prajñayā sā praṇaśyati ||
Translation
ビーシュマは言った。「嫉みは欲望から起こり、また他者の歓びと繁栄を見て生じる。だが衆生においては、般若（prajñā）—分別し見極める智慧—によってそれは滅せられる。比較の空しさを悟り、渇愛を抑えるからである。」
Word by Word
ईर्ष्याjealousy
ईर्ष्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootईर्ष्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कामात्from desire
कामात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
प्रभवतिarises, originates
प्रभवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (प्र +)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
संहर्षात्from delight/joy (of others)
संहर्षात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंहर्ष
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जायतेis born, comes into being
जायते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
इतरेषाम्of others
इतरेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सत्त्वानाम्of beings/creatures
सत्त्वानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
प्रज्ञयाby wisdom/discernment
प्रज्ञया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रज्ञा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
साthat (she/it), i.e., jealousy
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सः/सा/तत्)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रणश्यतिperishes, is destroyed
प्रणश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootनश् (प्र +)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Envy is rooted in desire and in comparing oneself with others’ happiness; it is overcome by prajñā (discriminating wisdom) that checks craving and dissolves comparison.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct and inner discipline, Bhishma explains to the listener the causes of envy and prescribes wisdom as the means to eliminate it.