Shloka 1
Adhyāya 164: Gautama as Guest; Kaśyapa’s Satkāra and the Fourfold Arthagati; Journey to Virūpākṣa
ऑपनआक्रात बछ। 2 त्रेषष्ट्याधिकशततमोब< ध्याय: काम
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | yataḥ prabhavati krodhaḥ kāmo vā bharatarṣabha | śoko moho ’vadhititsā ca parāsutvaṃ tathā madaḥ |
ユディシュティラは言った。「バーラタ族の雄牛よ、至智の祖父よ—怒りと欲、悲嘆と迷妄、正しい規範に背いて行おうとする衝動、他者を滅ぼそうとする願い、そして驕りの酔い——これらの過失は何から生じるのですか。どうかその真の根源を明らかにお説きください。」
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames an ethical inquiry: major inner faults—anger, desire, grief, delusion, transgressive impulse, murderous hostility, and pride—have identifiable causes, and understanding their origin is the first step toward their restraint and removal.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully asks the elder teacher (Bhīṣma) to explain the causal source of destructive mental states, setting up a discourse on diagnosing and overcoming moral and psychological दोष (doṣas).