Shloka 6
Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications
अत्यागश्चातितर्षश्न विकर्मसु च या: क्रिया: । कुलविद्यामदश्नैव रूपैश्चर्यमदस्तथा,लोभसे ही कृपणता, अत्यन्त तृष्णा, शास्त्रविरुद्ध कर्मोंमें प्रवृत्ति, कुल और विद्याविषयक अभिमान, रूप और ऐश्वर्यका मद, समस्त प्राणियोंके प्रति द्रोह, सबका तिरस्कार, सबके प्रति अविश्वास तथा कुटिलतापूर्ण बर्ताव होते हैं
bhīṣma uvāca | atyāgaś cātitarṣaś ca vikarmasu ca yāḥ kriyāḥ | kulavidyā-madaś caiva rūpaiś carya-madas tathā |
ビーシュマは言った。施しを欠くことと過度の渇望から、邪な企て—シャーストラ（śāstra）に背く行い—が生じる。また、家柄と学識への驕り、美貌と富貴への陶酔も生まれる。これらの内なる過失は、やがて生きとし生けるものへの敵意、他者への侮蔑、万事への不信、そして曲がりくねった欺瞞の振る舞いとして現れる。かくして抑えられぬ欲望と我慢は、行為におけるアダルマの種となる。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma teaches that miserliness and excessive craving generate a chain of moral decline: they push a person into śāstra-opposed actions and inflate ego (pride in lineage, learning, beauty, and prosperity), which then manifests as hostility, contempt, distrust, and deceit. The remedy implied is restraint, generosity, and humility to prevent adharma from taking root.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma after the war, Bhishma addresses Yudhiṣṭhira with ethical counsel. Here he lists inner vices and their outward social consequences, explaining how certain mental dispositions (greed and pride) lead to wrongful conduct and harm toward others.