Shloka 3

Adhyāya 159 — Dāna–Dakṣiṇā, Āpaddharma Measures, and Prāyaścitta Classifications

Devanagari script

अत: पापमधर्मश्च यथा दुःखमनुत्तमम्‌ | निकृत्या मूलमेतद्धि येन पापकृतो जना:,लोभसे ही पाप, अधर्म तथा महान्‌ दुःखकी उत्पत्ति होती है। शठता तथा छल- कपटका भी मूल कारण लोभ ही है। इसीके कारण मनुष्य पापाचारी हो जाते हैं

Transliteration

ataḥ pāpam adharmaś ca yathā duḥkham anuttamam | nikṛtyā mūlam etad dhi yena pāpakṛto janāḥ ||

Translation

ゆえに、貪欲より罪とアダルマ（不義）が生じ、また比類なき苦しみも生ずる。まことに貪欲は欺きと邪曲なる振る舞いの根であり、それがゆえに人は悪をなす者となる。

Word by Word

• अतः: therefore; from this
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अतः

• पापम्: sin; evil
• पापम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अधर्मः: unrighteousness; adharma
• अधर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• यथा: as; just as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• दुःखम्: sorrow; suffering
• दुःखम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अनुत्तमम्: unsurpassed; extreme
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुत्तम
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• निकृत्या: by deceit; through fraud
• निकृत्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निकृति
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• मूलम्: root; cause
• मूलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• एतत्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• हि: indeed; for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• येन: by which
• येन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• पापकृतः: sin-doing; sinful
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पापकृत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जनाः: people
• जनाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma