Shloka 62

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

Devanagari script

कश्चित्‌ तरति काछ्ेन सुगम्भीरां महानदीम्‌ । स तारयति तत्‌ काष्ठं स च काछेन तार्यते

Transliteration

kaścit tarati kāṣṭhena sugambhīrāṃ mahānadīm | sa tārayati tat kāṣṭhaṃ sa ca kāṣṭhena tāryate ||

Translation

人は一本の木片に頼って、深く大いなる河を渡ることができる。渡り終えれば、その木片もまた彼岸へと無事に運ばれ、木片のほうもまた、彼を渡らせる手立てとなる。

Word by Word

• कश्चित्: someone, a certain (man)
• कश्चित्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कश्चित् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तरति: crosses
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (तरणे)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन

• काष्ठेन: with/using a piece of wood
• काष्ठेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, तृतीया, एकवचन

• सुगम्भीराम्: very deep
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुगम्भीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्री, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• महानदीम्: a great river
• महानदीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महानदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्री, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तारयति: causes to cross, ferries
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (तरणे) [णिच्]
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन

• तत्: that
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• काष्ठम्: the piece of wood
• काष्ठम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• सः: and it/he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• काष्ठेन: by/with the wood
• काष्ठेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, तृतीया, एकवचन

• तार्यते: is carried across, is helped to cross
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (तरणे) [कर्मणि]
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन, कर्मणि (passive)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• a man (kaścit)
• a great deep river (mahānadī)
• a piece of wood/timber (kāṣṭha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Aid and beneficiary can uplift each other: when one uses a proper support to overcome danger, one also preserves and honors that support. Ethically, help is not one-sided; gratitude and responsible use complete the act of receiving.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma illustrates his counsel with a simple image: a person crosses a dangerous river using a log or plank; the person reaches safety, and the log also reaches the far bank because it was taken along—showing mutual ‘deliverance’ through association and right use.