Shloka 21
त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma
Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123
Devanagari script
परस्परं विलुम्पन्ति सारमेया यथामिषम् | अबलान् बलिनो घ्नन्ति निर्मर्यादमवर्तत
Translation
人々は互いに略奪し始めた。まるで犬どもが肉片をめぐって奪い合い、噛み裂くように。強き者は弱き者を殺し、いたるところに無軌道な放縦が広がった。
Word by Word
परस्परम्mutually, one another
परस्परम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
FormAvyaya (adverb)
विलुम्पन्तिthey plunder/rob
विलुम्पन्ति:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootलुप् (वि-लुप्)
FormLat (present), parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural
सारमेयाःdogs
सारमेयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसारमेय
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
यथाas, like
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormAvyaya (comparative particle)
आमिषम्meat, flesh (bait)
आमिषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआमिष
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
अबलान्the weak (persons)
अबलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअबल
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
बलिनःthe strong (men)
बलिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
घ्नन्तिthey strike/kill
घ्नन्ति:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormLat (present), parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural
निर्मर्यादम्without bounds, lawlessly
निर्मर्यादम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मर्याद
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (used adverbially)
अवर्ततit prevailed/occurred
अवर्तत:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (आ-√वृत्)
FormLan (imperfect), 3rd person, singular, atmanepada
Speaker
वसुहरोम उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes