Shloka 41
ईश्वर: पुरुष: प्राण: सत्त्वं चित्तं प्रजापति: । भूतात्मा जीव इत्येवं नामश्रि: प्रोच्यतेडष्टभि:,ईश्वर, पुरुष, प्राण, सत्त्व, चित्त, प्रजापति, भूतात्मा तथा जीव--इन आठ नामोंसे दण्डका ही प्रतिपादन किया जाता है
īśvaraḥ puruṣaḥ prāṇaḥ sattvaṁ cittaṁ prajāpatiḥ | bhūtātmā jīva ityevaṁ nāmaśriḥ procyate ’ṣṭabhiḥ ||
ビーシュマは言った。王の刑罰と統治の原理（ダンダ）は、八つの呼称によって説かれる――イーシュヴァラ（主宰）、プルシャ（大いなる人）、プラーナ（生命の息）、サットヴァ（支える性質）、チッタ（心）、プラジャーパティ（生類の主）、ブータートマン（諸存在の内なる自己）、そしてジーヴァ（生きる個体）である。かく名づけることで、ダンダは単なる暴力ではなく、正しく用いられるとき生命を支え秩序を生み、ダルマを護持する力であると示される。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Daṇḍa (the coercive power of rule and punishment) is presented as a dharmic, life-sustaining principle with cosmic and psychological dimensions. By giving it eight exalted names, the text teaches that punishment is not merely retribution but a force meant to preserve order, protect beings, and support righteous conduct when exercised with restraint and discernment.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and dharma after the war, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on statecraft and moral rule. Here he explains the nature of daṇḍa by listing its eight traditional appellations, elevating the concept from a political tool to a principle tied to life, mind, and cosmic order.