Shloka 33

काल प्राप्तमुपादद्यान्नार्थ राजा प्रसूचयेत्‌ । अहन्यहनि संदुह्मान्महीं गामिव बुद्धिमान्‌,बुद्धिमान्‌ राजा समय पड़नेपर ही प्रजासे धन ले। अपनी अर्थ-संग्रहकी नीति किसीके सम्मुख प्रकट न करे। जैसे बुद्धिमान मनुष्य गायकी रक्षा करते हुए ही उससे दूध दुहता है, उसी प्रकार राजा सदा पृथ्वीका पालन करते हुए ही उससे धनका दोहन करे

kāla-prāptam upādad yān nārthaṁ rājā prasūcayet | ahany ahani saṁduhmān mahīṁ gām iva buddhimān ||

ビーシュマは言った。「王は時が熟したときにのみ租税を取り立て、財を集める策を人前にさらしてはならぬ。日々、賢き王は大地を守り養いながらこそ、その資源を『搾り取る』べきである――牛を守りつつ乳を搾る慎み深い者のように。」

कालम्time (proper occasion)
कालम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तम्arrived/obtained (i.e., when it has come)
प्राप्तम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-आप्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपादद्यात्should take/collect
उपादद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-दा
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अर्थम्wealth/revenue
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रसूचयेत्should disclose/announce
प्रसूचयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-सूच्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहनिin a day
अहनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अहनिin a day (day by day)
अहनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
संदुह्यात्should milk/draw (yield) properly
संदुह्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-दुह्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महीम्the earth/land
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गाम्a cow
गाम्:
Upamana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
बुद्धिमान्wise
बुद्धिमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
E
earth (mahī)
C
cow (go/gā)

Educational Q&A

Revenue collection must be timely, restrained, and grounded in protection: the king may draw wealth from the realm only while sustaining it, like milking a cow without harming her; additionally, state fiscal strategy should not be openly advertised.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on how a ruler should manage wealth: collect resources at the right time, keep fiscal policy discreet, and ensure extraction is paired with continual care of the land and people.