Shloka 17

Durgātitaraṇa—Conduct for Crossing Difficulties (दुर्गातितरणम्)

Devanagari script

परश्रिया न तप्यन्ति ये सन्त: पुरुषर्षभा: । ग्राम्यादर्थ न्निवृत्ताश्व दुर्गण्यतितरन्ति ते

Transliteration

paraśriyā na tapyanti ye santaḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ | grāmyād arthān nivṛttāś ca durgāṇy atitaranti te ||

Translation

ビーシュマは言った。「善良で高貴な人々は、他者の繁栄を見て嫉妬の炎に焼かれることがない。卑俗な村人的追求や些末な利得から身を退き、自己抑制と徳の力によって、困難な通路—苛烈な試練と危うい狭隘—さえも越えてゆく。」

Word by Word

• परश्रिया: by another's prosperity/splendour
• परश्रिया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर-श्री
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• तप्यन्ति: they are pained / they burn (with envy)
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• ये: who
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सन्तः: good, virtuous (people)
• सन्तः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पुरुषर्षभाः: bulls among men, best of men
• पुरुषर्षभाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ग्राम्यात्: from vulgar/worldly (things)
• ग्राम्यात्: Apadana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ग्राम्य
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• अर्थात्: from gain/wealth
• अर्थात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• निवृत्ताः: turned away, refraining
• निवृत्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-√वृत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• दुर्गाणि: difficulties, hardships
• दुर्गाणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्ग
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अतितरन्ति: they cross over, overcome
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-√तॄ
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The virtuous do not envy others’ success; by withdrawing from coarse, petty worldly pursuits and cultivating restraint, they can overcome even severe hardships.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma continues advising on ethical conduct, praising the character of the good—especially their freedom from envy and their ability to endure and transcend difficulties.