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Shloka 12

Chapter 23: Śakuni Reports, Kaurava Advance, and Arjuna’s Penetration of the Host

ते दृष्टवा धर्मराजानं कौरवेयैस्तथा कृतम्‌ । नामृष्यन्त सुसंरब्धा: शिखण्डिप्रमुखा रथा:,धर्मराज युधिष्ठिरको कौरवोंद्वारा वैसी दशामें पहुँचाया गया देख अत्यन्त क्रोधमें भरे हुए शिखण्डी आदि रथी सहन न कर सके

te dṛṣṭvā dharmarājānaṃ kauraveyais tathā kṛtam | nāmṛṣyanta susaṃrabdhāḥ śikhaṇḍipramukhā rathāḥ ||

サンジャヤは言った。「法王ユディシュティラ――ダルマの守護者――がクルの子らによってそのような窮地に追い込まれたのを見て、シカンディンを先頭とする車戦の勇士たちは烈しい怒りに燃え、もはや耐えられなかった。」

तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
धर्मराजानम्Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कौरवेयैःby the Kauravas' men / by the sons of Kuru
कौरवेयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकौरवेय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कृतम्done, made (so)
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अमृष्यन्तthey could not endure / they did not tolerate
अमृष्यन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootमृष्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
सुसंरब्धाःhighly enraged, greatly agitated
सुसंरब्धाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-संरब्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शिखण्डि-प्रमुखाःwith Śikhaṇḍin as foremost
शिखण्डि-प्रमुखाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशिखण्डि-प्रमुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथाःchariot-warriors (rathins)
रथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
K
Kauravas (Kauraveyas)
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
R
rathas (chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights moral outrage in the face of injustice: when the righteous are wronged, allies who value dharma feel compelled to respond. It frames anger not as mere passion but as a reaction to adharma, urging protection of the virtuous and resistance to wrongdoing.

Sañjaya reports that the Pāṇḍava-side chariot-warriors, led by Śikhaṇḍin, see Yudhiṣṭhira reduced to a humiliating or grievous condition by the Kauravas. Enraged, they cannot tolerate it and are stirred toward action.