Shloka 51

Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout

Devanagari script

ततः परमसंक्रुद्धः पितुर्वधमनुस्मरन्‌

Transliteration

tataḥ paramasaṃkruddhaḥ pitur vadham anusmaran

Translation

そののち彼は激怒の極みにとらわれ、父を討たれたことを繰り返し思い起こしていた――悲嘆と復讐心が心を駆り立て、その不義の記憶が判断を曇らせた。

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter; then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततस्
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')

• परमसंक्रुद्धः: extremely enraged
• परमसंक्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम-संक्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पितुः: of (his) father
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• वधम्: killing; slaying
• वधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अनुस्मरन्: remembering; calling to mind
• अनुस्मरन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-स्मृ
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• father (pituḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Unchecked anger fueled by obsessive remembrance of injury—especially the death of a loved one—can overpower discernment and push one toward ethically destructive choices; the verse highlights how grief can harden into vengeance.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a warrior becoming intensely enraged as he repeatedly recalls his father's killing, a mental state that prepares the ground for retaliatory action in the grim aftermath of the war.