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Shloka 21

तेरहवें वर्षमें लोगोंकी जानकारीसे दूर किसी नगरमें रहें। यदि तेरहवें वर्ष किसीकी जानकारीमें आ जाये तो फिर दुबारा बारह वर्षतक वनवास करें। हम हारें तो हम ऐसा करें और उनकी हार हो तो वे। इसी शर्तपर फिर जूएका खेल आरम्भ हो। पाण्डव पासे फेंककर जूआ खेलें ।।

trayodaśe varṣe lokānāṃ jñānād dūre kasmiṃścid nagare vasantu | yadi trayodaśe varṣe kasyacid jñāne āgaccheyuḥ punar dvādaśa-varṣāṇi vanavāsaṃ careyuḥ | vayaṃ hāryāma cet tathā kuryāma, teṣāṃ hāniḥ syāc cet te kurvantu | etasminn eva śarte punar dyūtaṃ pravartatām | pāṇḍavā akṣān kṣipya dyūtaṃ krīḍantu || etat kṛtyatamaṃ rājan asmākaṃ bharatarṣabha | ayaṃ hi śakunir veda sa-vidyām akṣa-sampadam ||

ドゥルヨーダナは賽(さい)の勝負に新たな条件を持ち出した。すなわち、パーンダヴァらは十二年のあいだ森に住み、十三年目には人々に知られぬよう、いずれかの町に潜んで暮らすこと。もしその十三年目に誰か一人でも彼らを見破れば、再び十二年の森林流謫を負うべし、というのである。さらに彼は、この掟は双方を等しく縛るべきだと言い、己が負ければ己も受け入れ、彼らが負ければ彼らが受け入れるのだと誓った。かくして彼は賭けを再開せよと迫り、パーンダヴァに賽を投げさせよと促した。ついで王に向かい、これこそ我らの最も決定的な策である、なぜなら母方の叔父シャクニは賽の技と策謀に通じ、その術をもって遊戯を苛烈な追放を強いる道具へと変えるのだ、と言い放った。

एतत्this (act/thing)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कृत्यतमम्most to-be-done; most important duty/act
कृत्यतमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्यतम (कृत्य + तमप्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अस्माकम्of us / our
अस्माकम्:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
शकुनिःShakuni
शकुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदknows
वेद:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सविद्याम्with skill/knowledge
सविद्याम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसविद्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अक्षसम्पदम्the accomplishment/skill in dice
अक्षसम्पदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षसम्पद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śakuni
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied by 'rājan')
B
Bharata lineage (bharatarṣabha)
D
Dice (akṣa)
F
Forest-exile (vanavāsa)
T
Town/city (nagara)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights how adharma can be advanced through seemingly lawful agreements: a ‘contract’ made under coercive circumstances and driven by deceit (relying on Śakuni’s dice-skill) becomes a tool to inflict disproportionate suffering. It warns that ethical failure often hides behind procedural fairness.

Duryodhana presses for a renewed dice-game with a new stake: twelve years of forest exile plus a thirteenth year living unrecognized; if discovered in that final year, the exile cycle repeats. He insists the Pāṇḍavas throw the dice and claims Śakuni’s mastery makes this plan their strongest move.