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Shloka 11

याज्ञसेनी-प्रश्नः

Draupadī’s Question in the Assembly

त्यजेत्‌ कुलार्थ पुरुषं ग्रामस्यार्थे कुलं त्यजेत्‌ । ग्रामं जनपदस्यार्थ आत्मार्थे पृथिवीं त्यजेत्‌,समूचे कुलकी भलाईके लिये एक मनुष्यको त्याग दे, गाँवके हितके लिये एक कुलको छोड़ दे, देशकी भलाईके लिये एक गाँवको त्याग दे और आत्माके उद्धारके लिये सारी पृथ्वीका ही परित्याग कर दे

tyajet kulārthaṁ puruṣaṁ grāmasyārthe kulaṁ tyajet | grāmaṁ janapadasyārtha ātmārthe pṛthivīṁ tyajet ||

ヴィドゥラは、大義のための段階的な捨離を説く。すなわち、一族全体の安寧のためには一人を捨ててもよい。村のためには一族を捨ててもよい。国のためには一村を捨ててもよい。そして自己の最高の霊的利益——魂の解脱——のためには、全大地さえも捨てる覚悟を持て、というのである。

त्यजेत्should abandon
त्यजेत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormVidhi-ling (optative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
कुलार्थेfor the sake of the family
कुलार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुलार्थ
Formmasculine, locative, singular
पुरुषम्a man/person
पुरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
ग्रामस्यof the village
ग्रामस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
अर्थेfor the sake (in the interest)
अर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formmasculine, locative, singular
कुलम्family/clan
कुलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
Formneuter, accusative, singular
त्यजेत्should abandon
त्यजेत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormVidhi-ling (optative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
ग्रामम्village
ग्रामम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
जनपदस्यof the country/realm
जनपदस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
अर्थेfor the sake (in the interest)
अर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
Formmasculine, locative, singular
आत्मार्थेfor one's own sake (for the self)
आत्मार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मार्थ
Formmasculine, locative, singular
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
त्यजेत्should abandon
त्यजेत्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormVidhi-ling (optative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
kula (family/lineage)
G
grāma (village)
J
janapada (realm/country)
P
pṛthivī (earth)

Educational Q&A

A hierarchy of values: protect the larger collective over the smaller (individual < family < village < realm), but place the soul’s highest good above all worldly holdings—even sovereignty over the earth.

In the Sabha Parva’s counsel-setting, Vidura speaks as a moral advisor, offering niti (statecraft-ethics) that guides rulers and households on when hard renunciations are justified for public welfare and for ultimate spiritual aims.