Shloka 3
Devanagari script
दक्षिणार्थ समानीता राजभि: कांस्यदोहना: । आरण्या बहुसाहस्रा अपश्यंस्तत्र तत्र गा:
Transliteration
dakṣiṇārthaṃ samānītā rājabhiḥ kāṃsyadohanāḥ | āraṇyā bahusāhasrā apaśyaṃs tatra tatra gāḥ ||
Translation
ドゥルヨーダナは言った。「貢納（ダクシナー）のために、諸王は青銅の器に乳を満たす乳牛を連れて来た。だが私は、ここかしこに、森に棲む牛の群れが幾千ともなく散在しているのを見た。」
Word by Word
दक्षिणार्थम्for the sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā)
दक्षिणार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समानीताःbrought/collected
समानीताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + नी (नी)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
राजभिःby kings
राजभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कांस्यदोहनाḥhaving bronze (milking-)vessels; milked into bronze pails
कांस्यदोहनाḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकांस्य-दोहन
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
आरण्याःwild/forest(-dwelling)
आरण्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआरण्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
बहुसाहस्राःmany thousands (in number)
बहुसाहस्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु-साहस्र
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
अपश्यन्they saw
अपश्यन्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तत्रhere and there
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
दुर्योधन उवाच
Characters & Entities
D
DuryodhanaK
kings (rājānaḥ)C
cows/cattle (gāvaḥ)B
bronze vessels (kāṃsya)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how public displays of wealth and tribute can inflame jealousy and rivalry; ethical steadiness is tested when others prosper, and envy can distort perception into grievance.
Duryodhana remarks on the vast cattle wealth being gathered as tribute—cows brought by subordinate kings and countless forest cattle seen everywhere—underscoring the scale of prosperity that provokes his resentment.