Shloka 23

Dyūta-āhvāna: Śakuni’s Proposal, Vidura’s Warning, and the Summons of Yudhiṣṭhira

Sabhā-parva 51

Devanagari script

जातरूपमनर्घ्य च ददुस्तस्यैकपादका: । एकपाददेशीय राजाओंने इन्द्रगोप (बीरबहूटी)-के समान लाल

Transliteration

jātarūpam anarghyaṃ ca dadus tasyaikapādakāḥ |

Translation

ドゥルヨーダナは言った。「エーカパーダ（Ekāpāda）の者たちは、値を量りがたい黄金（ジャータルーパ, jātarūpa）と、ほかの高価な贈り物を彼に捧げた。」サバー篇の倫理的枠組みにおいて、この一句は、ユディシュティラに集まる莫大な貢納と栄誉をドゥルヨーダナが嫉みつつ数え上げる一環であり、外に現れた繁栄が彼の胸中では対抗心を煽り、やがてアダルマへ傾く契機となることを示唆する。

Word by Word

• जातरूपम्: gold (lit. ‘born-form’, i.e., refined gold)
• जातरूपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जातरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनर्घ्यम्: priceless, invaluable
• अनर्घ्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनर्घ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ददुः: they gave
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• तस्य: to him / of him
• तस्य: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• एकपादकाः: the Ekapādakas (a people/tribe named ‘one-footed’)
• एकपादकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकपादक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Yudhiṣṭhira (implied as recipient of tribute)
• jātarūpa (gold)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Material splendor and public honor can become moral tests: when viewed through envy and rivalry, even legitimate prosperity becomes fuel for resentment, pushing one toward unethical choices.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana is describing the vast tributes brought to Yudhiṣṭhira’s court/assembly, emphasizing the priceless gold and gifts to highlight Yudhiṣṭhira’s rising prestige and to express his own growing jealousy.