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Shloka 14

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Duryodhana Saṃvāda on Restraint and Rājānīti

Chapter 50

भ्रातृज्येष्ठ: स्थितो राज्ये विन्दसे कि न शोभनम्‌ | पृथग्जनैरलभ्यं यद्‌ भोजनाच्छादनं परम्‌,“महाबाहो! तुम अपने भाइयोंमें बड़े हो, अतः राजाके पदपर स्थित हो, तुम्हें किस कल्याणमय वस्तुकी प्राप्ति नहीं होती है? दूसरे लोगोंके लिये जो अलभ्य है, वह उत्तम भोजन और वस्त्र तुम्हें प्राप्त हैं। फिर तुम क्यों शोक करते हो? महाबाहो! तुम्हारे बाप- दादोंका यह महान्‌ राष्ट्र धन-धान्यसे सम्पन्न है

vaiśampāyana uvāca | bhrātṛjyeṣṭhaḥ sthito rājye vindase kiṃ na śobhanam | pṛthagjanair alabhyam yad bhojanācchādanaṃ param ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。「大いなる腕の者よ、汝は兄弟のうち長子として王位に据えられている。得られぬ吉祥の何があろうか。凡人には得難い最上の食と衣が汝には備わっている。それなのに、なぜ嘆くのか。」

भ्रातृज्येष्ठःeldest among brothers
भ्रातृज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रातृज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्थितःstanding/placed
स्थितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
राज्येin the kingdom / in sovereignty
राज्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विन्दसेyou obtain / you find
विन्दसे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (विन्दति)
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Ātmanepada
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोभनम्good/auspicious (thing)
शोभनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशोभन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पृथक्separately / other
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
जनैःby people
जनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अलभ्यम्unobtainable
अलभ्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअलभ्य
Formयत् (gerundive/possibility), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्which/that
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भोजनfood/eating
भोजन:
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), —
आच्छादनम्clothing/covering
आच्छादनम्:
TypeNoun
Rootआच्छादन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परम्excellent/supreme
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
E
eldest brother (addressee, unnamed in this verse)
K
kingdom/royal station
F
food
C
clothing
O
ordinary people (pṛthagjana)

Educational Q&A

External prosperity—rank, power, fine food and clothing—does not by itself remove sorrow; the verse challenges the ethics of lamentation rooted in attachment and urges reflection on the true cause of grief beyond material sufficiency.

In Vaiśampāyana’s narration, a speaker addresses an elder brother who holds royal authority, pointing out that he already possesses privileges unavailable to ordinary people and questioning why he is still grieving, thereby setting a moral contrast between worldly abundance and inner distress.