Shloka 30

Jarāsandha–Vāsudeva Saṃvāda: Kṣātra-Dharma, Pride, and the Ethics of Coercion

Sabhā Parva, Adhyāya 20

Devanagari script

ते शश्वद्‌ गोधनाकीर्णमम्बुमन्तं शुभद्रुमम्‌ । गोरथ॑ं गिरिमासाद्य ददृशुर्मागधं पुरम्‌

Transliteration

te śaśvad godhanākīrṇam ambumantaṃ śubhadrumam | gorathaṃ girim āsādya dadṛśur māgadhaṃ puram ||

Translation

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。「牛の群れが常に満ち、水に恵まれ、瑞樹に飾られたゴーラタ山に至ると、彼らはマガダ族の都、王都の城を目にした。」

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• शश्वत्: always, perpetually
• शश्वत्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शश्वत्

• गोधन: cattle-wealth, herds of cows
• गोधन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोधन
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• आकीर्णम्: filled, crowded
• आकीर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आकीर्ण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अम्बुमन्तम्: abounding in water
• अम्बुमन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अम्बुमन्त्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शुभ: beautiful, auspicious
• शुभ: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• द्रुमम्: tree
• द्रुमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• गोरथम्: Goratha (name of the mountain)
• गोरथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोरथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• गिरिम्: mountain
• गिरिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आसाद्य: having reached, arriving at
• आसाद्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + सद्
• Form: Gerund (Absolutive), Parasmaipada

• ददृशुः: they saw
• ददृशुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• मागधम्: Magadhan, of Magadha
• मागधम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मागध
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पुरम्: city, capital
• पुरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशग्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Goratha (mountain)
• Magadha
• Magadhan capital city (puram)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Prosperity is portrayed through concrete dharmic markers—cattle wealth, plentiful water, and flourishing trees—implying responsible governance and care for land and living beings.

What is happening in the narrative?

The travelers reach Mount Goratha and from there behold the capital city of Magadha, described as perpetually rich in cattle, water, and verdant trees.