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Shloka 50

जिधघांसुरकेन्दुसमप्र भेण चक्रे विषक्तं रिपुमाततायी । किरीटथधारी अर्जुन अत्यन्त प्रसन्न हो अपने शत्रुको मारनेकी इच्छासे आततायी बन गये थे। उन्होंने चन्द्रमा और सूर्यके समान प्रकाशित होनेवाले उस विजयदायक श्रेष्ठ बाणसे अपने शत्रुको बींध डाला ।।

sañjaya uvāca | jighāṃsur arkendu-samaprabheṇa cakre viṣaktaṃ ripum ātatāyī | kirīṭadhārī arjunaḥ atyanta-prasannaḥ sva-śatroḥ māraṇecchayā ātatāyīva babhūva | sa candrārka-samaprabhaṃ vijayadaṃ śreṣṭha-bāṇaṃ ripau vidhya dadau || tathā vimukto balinārka-tejāḥ prajvālayām āsa diśo nabhaś ca | tato 'rjunas tasya śiro jahāra vṛtrasya vajreṇa yathā mahendraḥ ||

サञ्जयは語った。冠を戴くアルジュナは、眼前に侵攻者として立つ敵を討たんとする意志に燃え、月と太陽のごとく輝く、勝利をもたらす最上の矢を放って敵を貫いた。大力のアルジュナに放たれたその太陽のように眩い矢は、天空を燃え走り、四方を照らし出した。ついにアルジュナはその矢によってカルナの首を胴から断ち切った。あたかも偉大なるインドラが金剛杵(ヴァジュラ)でヴリトラの首を斬り落としたように。

जिघांसुःdesiring to kill
जिघांसुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजिघांसु (हन् धातोः इच्छार्थक-तुमुन्/सन्-प्रत्ययान्तः)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्केन्दु-समप्रभेणwith (a weapon) having radiance equal to sun and moon
अर्केन्दु-समप्रभेण:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्केन्दु-समप्रभ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
चक्रेhe did / he made
चक्रे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
विषक्तम्pierced / stuck (fastened)
विषक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविषक्त (वि+सञ्ज्/सक्त, क्त-प्रत्ययान्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रिपुम्enemy
रिपुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आततायिन्assailant / aggressor
आततायिन्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआततायिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus / in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
विमुक्तःreleased / discharged
विमुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविमुक्त (वि+मुच्, क्त-प्रत्ययान्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलिनाby the strong one
बलिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबलिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अर्क-तेजाःhaving sun-like brilliance
अर्क-तेजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्कतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रज्वालयामासset ablaze / illuminated
प्रज्वालयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+ज्वल् (धातु) / प्रज्वालय (णिच्-प्रयोग)
FormPeriphrastic perfect (Liṭ, आमास-योग), 3rd, Singular
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
नभःसुin the skies
नभःसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनभस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
ततःthen / thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him / his
तस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शिरःhead
शिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जहारhe took away / severed
जहार:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
वृत्रस्यof Vṛtra
वृत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वज्रेणwith the thunderbolt
वज्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
यथाas / just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
महेन्द्रःMahendra (great Indra)
महेन्द्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
K
Karṇa
I
Indra (Mahendra)
V
Vṛtra
A
arrow (bāṇa)
V
vajra (thunderbolt)
S
sky (nabhas)
D
directions/quarters (diśaḥ)
S
sun (arka)
M
moon (indu)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how epic warfare is ethically narrated through dharma-language: the enemy is characterized as an ātatāyī (aggressor), and the act is presented as a duty-bound culmination rather than mere personal hatred. At the same time, the blazing arrow and the severed head emphasize the grave, irreversible cost of war.

Sañjaya describes Arjuna releasing a brilliantly radiant, victory-bringing arrow that illuminates the sky and directions; with it he pierces the foe and then cuts off Karṇa’s head, likening the deed to Indra beheading Vṛtra with the vajra.