Shloka 45

अध्याय ९ — कर्णस्य प्रहारः, योधयुग्मनियोजनम्, शैनेय-कैकेययोर्युद्धविन्यासः

Devanagari script

जामदग्न्यान्महाघोरें ब्राह्ममस्त्रमशिक्षत । यश्च द्रोणमुखान्‌ दृष्टवा विमुखानर्दिताउशरै:

Transliteration

jāmadagnyān mahāghore brāhmam astram aśikṣata | yaś ca droṇamukhān dṛṣṭvā vimukhān arditauśaraiḥ ||

Translation

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。彼は猛きジャーマダグニヤ（パラシュラーマ）から、恐るべきブラフマーの武器を学んだ。さらに、ドローナの顔を見ただけで恐れて退く戦士たちを見て、矢の雨で執拗に追い立てた。

Word by Word

• जामदग्न्यात्: from Jamadagni's (son/descendant)
• जामदग्न्यात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जामदग्न्य
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• महाघोरे: in the very terrible (weapon/act)
• महाघोरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाघोर
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• ब्राह्मम्: Brahma-related, Brahmic
• ब्राह्मम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ब्राह्म
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अस्त्रम्: weapon (missile)
• अस्त्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्त्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अशिक्षत: he learned / was taught
• अशिक्षत: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: शिक्ष्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• द्रोणमुखान्: those headed by Droṇa / Droṇa-faced (ones)
• द्रोणमुखान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोणमुख
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Absolutive (त्वा-न्त), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• विमुखान्: turned away, averted
• विमुखान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमुख
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अर्दित: afflicted, tormented
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्द्
• Form: Past Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• उशरैः: by arrows (uśara- missiles)
• उशरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: उशर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Jāmadagnya (Paraśurāma)
• Brahmāstra (Brāhma astra)
• Droṇa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores that extraordinary power (divine weapons and elite training) can decide battles, but it also implicitly warns that such power is ethically dangerous unless governed by discipline and restraint—an enduring Mahābhārata concern about the moral limits of warfare.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes a warrior who has mastered the Brahmā-weapon under Paraśurāma. In battle, seeing opponents recoil at the sight/presence of Droṇa, he presses them hard with arrows, exploiting their shaken morale.