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Shloka 1

ऑफ क्रा एकोनाशीतितमो< ध्याय: अर्जुनका कौरव-सेनाको विनाश 848 नदी बहा देना और अपना रथ कर्णके पास ले लिये भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णसे कहना तथा श्रीकृष्ण और अर्जुनको आते देख शल्य और कर्णकी बातचीत तथा अर्जुनद्वारा कौरव- सेनाका विध्वंस संजय उवाच अर्जुनस्तु महाराज हत्वा सैन्यं चतुर्विधम्‌ । सूतपुत्रं च संक्रुद्धं दृष्टया चैव महारणे

sañjaya uvāca | arjunas tu mahārāja hatvā sainyaṃ caturvidham | sūtaputraṃ ca saṃkruddhaṃ dṛṣṭvā caiva mahāraṇe ||

サンジャヤは言った。大王よ、アルジュナは四種の軍勢を討ち滅ぼしたのち、大戦場に怒り立つ御者の子(カルナ)を見て、その決定的な対決へと心を向けた。

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुर्विधम्fourfold (of four divisions)
चतुर्विधम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्विध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सूतपुत्रम्the charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतपुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संक्रुद्धम्enraged
संक्रुद्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle from क्रुध् with prefix सम्)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
महारणेin the great battle
महारणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहारण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna
K
Karna (Sūtaputra)
K
Kaurava army (fourfold host)
M
Mahāraṇa (great battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral weight of kṣatriya warfare: immense collective slaughter culminates in a personal, decisive encounter. It underscores how anger (saṃkruddha) and duty can drive action, setting the stage for reflection on righteous conduct amid violence.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna has already devastated the fourfold Kaurava forces and now sees Karna, furious on the battlefield—signaling the approach of a major duel and a turning point in the day’s fighting.