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Shloka 13

कर्णार्जुनसमागमः — The Karṇa–Arjuna Confrontation

Cosmic Spectatorship and Vows

रथैर्तताश्वसूतैश्व हतारोहैश्वन वाजिभि: । द्विरदैश्व॒ हतारोहैर्महामात्रैरहतद्विपै:

sañjaya uvāca |

rathair hatāśvasūtaiś ca hatārohāś ca vājibhiḥ |

dviradaiś ca hatārohā mahāmātrair ahatadvipaiḥ ||

サञ्जयは言った。「大王よ、戦場においてアルジュナの矢は恐るべき殺戮をもたらした。ある戦車は、馬と御者が討たれて車だけが残り、また別の所では騎馬兵が斬り伏せられた。ある所では象上の戦士が倒れ、大象使い(マハウト)は象とともに生き残り、また別の所では象そのものが打ち倒され、象使いが生き残った。かくして、彼の弓から放たれた矢によって多くの車戦の勇士が撃たれ、地に倒れた。」

रथैःby/with chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अश्वसूतैःby/with charioteers (horse-drivers)
अश्वसूतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वसूत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हतारोहैःby/with slain riders
हतारोहैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहतारोह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाजिभिःby/with horses
वाजिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाजि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
द्विरदैःby/with elephants
द्विरदैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विरद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हतारोहैःby/with slain riders
हतारोहैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहतारोह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महामात्रैःby/with great officers / elephant-drivers (mahouts)
महामात्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहामात्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अहतद्विपैःby/with un-slain elephants (elephants left alive)
अहतद्विपैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअहतद्विप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by ‘rājan’)
A
Arjuna
C
chariots (ratha)
H
horses (aśva/vājin)
C
charioteers (sūta)
H
horsemen/riders (āroha)
E
elephants (dvirada)
M
mahouts/elephant-drivers (mahāmātra)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the grim reality of war: even when fought as kṣatriya-duty, battle produces indiscriminate and uneven destruction—sometimes the mount survives while the rider dies, sometimes the reverse. It highlights the ethical tension between martial excellence and the human cost of violence.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna’s archery is causing chaotic devastation in the ranks: chariots are rendered useless by killing horses and charioteers, cavalry riders are cut down, and elephant units are disrupted with either riders or elephants being slain. Many warriors fall under the barrage of Arjuna’s arrows.