Shloka 16

Devanagari script

योद्धव्यमद्य पार्थेन फाल्गुनेन त्वया सह । किमर्थ धर्मराजेन युध्यसे भूशरोषित:,“कर्ण! आज तुम्हें कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुनके साथ युद्ध करना है। फिर अत्यन्त रोषमें भरकर धर्मराजके साथ किसलिये जूझ रहे हो?

Transliteration

yoḍḍhavyam adya pārthena phālgunena tvayā saha | kimartha dharmarājena yudhyase bhūśaroṣitaḥ ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「『カルナよ、今日おまえが戦うべきはパールタ――パールグナの子アルジュナである。なのに、なぜ激しい怒りに燃えてダルマラージャ（ユディシュティラ）と刃を交えるのか。』」

Word by Word

योद्धव्यम्must be fought (a battle must be fought)

अद्यtoday

पार्थेनby/with Partha (Arjuna)

फाल्गुनेनby/with Phalguna (Arjuna)

त्वयाby/with you

सहtogether with

किमर्थम्for what reason? why?

धर्मराजेनby/with Dharmaraja (Yudhishthira)

युध्यसेyou fight

भूशरोषितःgreatly enraged

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Karna

Pārtha (Arjuna)

Phālguna (Arjuna)

Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical and strategic need to direct one’s martial energy toward the rightful opponent and not be driven off-course by uncontrolled anger; wrath can distort judgment and lead to misdirected conflict, even against a figure identified with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya comments on Karna’s conduct on the battlefield: Karna’s principal destined confrontation is with Arjuna, yet he is seen fighting Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja) in a rage. Sañjaya questions this choice, implying a deviation from the expected focus of the day’s combat.