Shloka 33

कर्णनिधनश्रवणम् — Hearing of Karṇa’s Fall and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament

Devanagari script

उभौ कलिड्गवृषकौ भ्रातरौ युद्धदुर्मदौ । कृत्वा चासुकरं कर्म गतौ वैवस्वतक्षयम्‌

Transliteration

ubhau kaliṅgavṛṣakau bhrātarau yuddha-durmadau | kṛtvā cāsukaraṃ karma gatau vaivasvata-kṣayam ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「カリンガとヴリシャカ、その二人の兄弟は、戦の狂熱により驕り高ぶり、成し難き業を成したのち、ヴァイヴァスヴァタ（ヤマ）の住処へ赴いた。すなわち死を迎えた。」

Word by Word

• उभौ: both
• उभौ: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• कलिङ्गवृषकौ: the two (heroes) named Kalinga and Vṛṣaka
• कलिङ्गवृषकौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलिङ्गवृषक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• भ्रातरौ: two brothers
• भ्रातरौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• युद्धदुर्मदौ: mad with battle / battle-intoxicated
• युद्धदुर्मदौ: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युद्ध-दुर्मद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• कृत्वा: having done
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• असुकरम्: very difficult
• असुकरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असुकर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कर्म: deed, act
• कर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• गतौ: went, departed (having gone)
• गतौ: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Past passive participle (PPP), Dual, Masculine, Nominative

• वैवस्वतक्षयम्: the abode/realm of Vaivasvata (Yama), i.e., death
• वैवस्वतक्षयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैवस्वत-क्षय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kaliṅga
• Vṛṣaka
• Vaivasvata (Yama)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even extraordinary martial deeds do not transcend mortality; when valor is mixed with battle-intoxication (yuddha-durmada), it still ends in death and accountability under the cosmic order symbolized by Vaivasvata (Yama).

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the two brothers, Kaliṅga and Vṛṣaka, carried out a difficult feat in the fighting and were then slain—described poetically as departing to Yama’s abode.